Browse Medications by Drug Class: Protease Inhibitors

Written by Amar Lunagaria
Pharm.D • NiHowdy Founder

Reviewed by James Wong
Pharm.D • NiHowdy Founder
Published Jan 15, 2025

What are Protease Inhibitors?
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List of drugs in Protease Inhibitors
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Brief history about Protease Inhibitors?
How do Protease Inhibitors work?
What are Protease Inhibitors used to treat?
HIV
Protease inhibitors are a cornerstone of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV/AIDS. Medications like lopinavir, ritonavir, and atazanavir suppress viral replication, reducing the viral load and preventing the progression of the disease. Combined with other antiretroviral drugs, protease inhibitors help patients achieve undetectable viral loads, improving immune function and quality of life.
Hepatitis C
In hepatitis C, protease inhibitors such as glecaprevir and voxilaprevir target the NS3/4A protease, essential for viral replication. These medications are used in combination with other antivirals to achieve sustained virologic response (SVR), effectively curing the infection in most patients.
COVID-19
Protease inhibitors have been investigated for treating COVID-19 due to their ability to block viral replication. Nirmatrelvir, used in combination with ritonavir (Paxlovid), is an example of a protease inhibitor authorized for emergency use in managing COVID-19 in high-risk patients.
Who should consider Protease Inhibitors medications?
Adults
Adults with chronic viral infections like HIV or hepatitis C are primary candidates for protease inhibitors. These medications are particularly beneficial for individuals with high viral loads or those resistant to other treatments. Healthcare providers personalize therapy to ensure optimal viral suppression and minimal side effects.
Children
Protease inhibitors are used in pediatric populations to manage HIV and, in some cases, hepatitis C. Pediatric formulations and weight-based dosing ensure safety and efficacy in younger patients. Close monitoring by healthcare providers is essential to address unique developmental and metabolic considerations.
Seniors
Seniors with chronic viral infections benefit from protease inhibitors but may require dose adjustments due to age-related changes in kidney or liver function. Regular monitoring ensures the safe and effective use of these medications, particularly in managing co-existing health conditions.
Are Protease Inhibitors safe?
Can I take Protease Inhibitors during pregnancy?
Are Protease Inhibitors safe to take while lactating?
Are Protease Inhibitors controlled substances?
Side effects of Protease Inhibitors?
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