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Crixivan
Crixivan (indinavir sulfate) is an antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV-1 infection. It belongs to the class of drugs known as protease inhibitors, which work by preventing the virus from replicating in the body. Crixivan is typically used in combination with other antiretroviral medications as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to reduce the viral load and improve immune system function.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Crixivan to start working?
Crixivan begins to reduce viral load within a few days of starting treatment, but full effects may take several weeks. It’s important to continue the medication as prescribed to achieve and maintain viral suppression.
Can Crixivan cure HIV?
No, Crixivan does not cure HIV. It helps control the virus by reducing its levels in the body, allowing the immune system to function better. Long-term treatment is necessary to keep the virus under control.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Crixivan?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up doses.
Can I take Crixivan with food?
Crixivan should be taken on an empty stomach, as food, especially high-fat meals, can reduce its absorption and effectiveness. Drink plenty of water with each dose.
Is Crixivan safe for long-term use?
Yes, Crixivan is used for long-term management of HIV infection. However, regular monitoring of kidney function, liver function, and lipid levels is important to catch any potential side effects early.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Crixivan Work?
Crixivan works by inhibiting HIV protease, an enzyme necessary for the virus to process its proteins and replicate. By blocking this enzyme, Crixivan prevents the virus from maturing and multiplying, thereby reducing the viral load in the blood and allowing the immune system to better fight the infection.
Common Dosages
- Oral capsules: 200 mg, 333 mg, and 400 mg.
Typical Dosing
- For HIV-1 infection: The typical dose is 800 mg (two 400 mg capsules) every 8 hours. Crixivan should be taken on an empty stomach with water, and patients should drink at least 1.5 liters of water daily to prevent kidney stones.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- HIV-1 infection, in combination with other antiretroviral medications.
Who Shouldn't Take Crixivan?
- Known hypersensitivity to indinavir or any component of the formulation.
- Severe liver impairment.
- Concurrent use of medications highly dependent on CYP3A4 for clearance (e.g., ergot derivatives, St. John’s Wort).
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Crixivan on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal, with a full glass of water. Avoid taking it with a high-fat meal, as this can reduce its effectiveness.
- Drink plenty of water (at least 1.5 liters per day) to reduce the risk of developing kidney stones, a known side effect of Crixivan.
- Do not skip doses, as doing so can increase the risk of developing drug-resistant HIV strains.
Side Effects of Crixivan
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea
- Kidney stones
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe liver toxicity
- Hyperglycemia or development of diabetes
- Lipid abnormalities (increased cholesterol or triglycerides)
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Crixivan
- Kidney Stones: Crixivan is known to cause kidney stones in some patients. Drinking plenty of fluids is essential to help prevent this side effect.
- Liver Toxicity: Crixivan can cause liver problems, especially in patients with pre-existing liver conditions. Regular liver function tests may be required.
- Blood Sugar and Lipid Changes: Crixivan can affect blood sugar levels, leading to hyperglycemia, and can alter lipid levels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Interactions with Crixivan
Common Drug Interactions
- CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, clarithromycin): These can increase Crixivan levels, increasing the risk of side effects.
- CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin, St. John’s Wort): These can reduce the effectiveness of Crixivan by decreasing its levels.
- Antacids: Taking antacids with Crixivan can interfere with its absorption, so they should be taken at least 1 hour apart.
Alternatives to Crixivan
- Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir): Another protease inhibitor used for the treatment of HIV-1 infection, often used in combination therapy.
- Reyataz (atazanavir): A protease inhibitor used as part of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection.
- Prezista (darunavir): A newer protease inhibitor used for HIV treatment, typically combined with ritonavir to increase its effectiveness.
