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Symtuza
Symtuza is a combination antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV-1 infection. It contains four active ingredients: darunavir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide. Symtuza is prescribed for adults and certain pediatric patients with HIV and helps manage the infection by reducing the viral load in the body. It belongs to the drug classes of protease inhibitors (darunavir), pharmacokinetic enhancers (cobicistat), and nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide), all working together to inhibit HIV replication and improve immune function.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Symtuza to work?
Symtuza begins reducing the viral load shortly after starting the medication. Significant decreases in viral levels are typically seen within the first few weeks of treatment.
Can Symtuza cure HIV?
Symtuza does not cure HIV, but it helps control the virus, allowing people with HIV to live longer, healthier lives with proper treatment adherence.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Symtuza?
If you miss a dose and it is within 12 hours of your usual time, take the missed dose with food as soon as possible. If more than 12 hours have passed, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule.
Can I take Symtuza with other medications?
Symtuza can interact with several other medications, including rifampin and certain anticonvulsants. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting new medications or supplements.
Is Symtuza safe for long-term use?
Symtuza is considered safe for long-term use when monitored regularly by a healthcare provider. Patients should undergo regular kidney and liver function tests to ensure continued safety.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Symtuza Work?
- Darunavir inhibits the HIV protease enzyme, preventing the virus from maturing and multiplying.
- Cobicistat boosts the effects of darunavir by slowing its breakdown in the body, allowing for sustained levels.
- Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide block reverse transcriptase, an enzyme HIV uses to convert its RNA into DNA, stopping the virus from replicating.
Common Dosages
- Once-daily tablets: Each tablet contains darunavir 800 mg, cobicistat 150 mg, emtricitabine 200 mg, and tenofovir alafenamide 10 mg.
Typical Dosing
- Adults and pediatric patients (weighing at least 40 kg): One tablet of Symtuza is taken once daily with food to enhance absorption.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- The treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients weighing at least 40 kg. It is indicated for individuals with no prior history of antiretroviral treatment or for those who are virologically suppressed on a stable antiretroviral regimen.
Who Shouldn't Take Symtuza?
- Severe liver impairment
- Known hypersensitivity to any of the components of Symtuza
- Concurrent use of certain medications, such as rifampin or certain anticonvulsants, that can significantly reduce its effectiveness.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Symtuza with food to ensure proper absorption of the medication.
- Be consistent with the dosing schedule, taking the medication at the same time every day.
- Do not stop taking Symtuza without consulting your healthcare provider, as stopping can lead to an increase in viral load.
- Ensure regular monitoring of kidney and liver function, as Symtuza can affect these organs.
- Avoid using Symtuza with medications like St. John’s Wort, as they can reduce its effectiveness.
Side Effects of Symtuza
Common Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Abdominal pain
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Liver problems, particularly in those with pre-existing liver conditions
- Kidney problems, including a decrease in kidney function
- Bone mineral density loss, which can lead to fractures or osteoporosis
Risks and Warnings of Symtuza
- Lactic Acidosis and Severe Hepatomegaly: Symtuza may cause lactic acidosis (buildup of lactic acid in the blood) and liver enlargement with fat accumulation, which can be serious.
- Renal Toxicity: Symtuza may affect kidney function, and patients should be regularly monitored for signs of renal impairment, particularly those with pre-existing kidney conditions.
- Drug Interactions: Avoid taking Symtuza with drugs that can significantly reduce its efficacy or increase the risk of side effects.
Interactions with Symtuza
Common Drug Interactions
- Rifampin and certain anticonvulsants: These drugs can decrease the effectiveness of Symtuza and should not be used concurrently.
- St. John’s Wort: This herbal supplement can also reduce the levels of Symtuza in the bloodstream, reducing its effectiveness.
- Other HIV medications: Symtuza should not be taken with other antiretroviral medications that target the same pathways unless specifically directed by a healthcare provider.
Alternatives to Symtuza
- Genvoya (elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide): Another single-pill regimen for HIV treatment, containing similar ingredients but with a different combination of medications.
- Biktarvy (bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide): A once-daily regimen that combines an integrase inhibitor with two NRTIs.
- Triumeq (dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine): A single-tablet regimen for HIV-1 infection, used as an alternative for patients who cannot take tenofovir.
