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rifAMPin
Rifampin is an antibiotic primarily used to treat tuberculosis (TB) and certain bacterial infections. It is particularly effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause TB. Rifampin can also be used to prevent the spread of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis and is sometimes used in combination with other antibiotics to treat other infections, such as leprosy and brucellosis. It works by inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis, which prevents the bacteria from multiplying.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long will I need to take rifampin?
Treatment duration varies but typically lasts 6 to 9 months for active TB.
Can I drink alcohol while taking rifampin?
It is advisable to limit alcohol consumption as it may increase the risk of liver toxicity
What should I do if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose.
Are there any dietary restrictions while on rifampin?
There are no specific dietary restrictions, but it should be taken on an empty stomach for best absorption.
Will rifampin affect my other medications?
Yes, rifampin can interact with various medications, so inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does rifAMPin Work?
Rifampin works by binding to the bacterial enzyme DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, preventing the transcription of DNA into RNA. This action halts protein synthesis in bacteria, effectively stopping their growth and replication. As a result, it is effective against a wide range of bacteria, particularly mycobacteria.
Common Dosages
- Capsules: 150 mg, 300 mg
- Tablets: Rifampin 10 mg
- Oral suspension: suspension 10 mg/mL
Typical Dosing
- For active TB: The usual dose is 10 mg/kg (up to 600 mg) once daily, typically in combination with other TB medications.
- For latent TB: 600 mg once daily for 4 months.
- For prophylaxis of meningococcal disease: 600 mg once daily for 2 days.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Active tuberculosis (TB) (in combination with other antitubercular agents)
- Latent tuberculosis infection (in combination with isoniazid)
- Prophylaxis of meningococcal disease
Who Shouldn't Take rifAMPin?
- Known hypersensitivity to rifampin or any of its components.
- Concurrent use of certain medications that may interact negatively, including some antiretrovirals used in HIV treatment.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take the medication on an empty stomach for optimal absorption.
- Be aware that rifampin can cause orange-red discoloration of urine, sweat, tears, and contact lenses, which is harmless.
- Inform healthcare providers about all medications being taken, as rifampin can interact with many drugs.
Side Effects of rifAMPin
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Rash
- Liver enzyme elevations
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
Risks and Warnings of rifAMPin
Rifampin can cause liver toxicity, and patients should be monitored for signs of liver dysfunction, especially if they have pre-existing liver conditions.
Interactions with rifAMPin
Common Drug Interactions
- Oral contraceptives (may reduce effectiveness)
- Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin)
- Certain antiretrovirals for HIV
Alternatives to rifAMPin
- Isoniazid
- Ethambutol
- Pyrazinamide
