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Enalapril-hydroCHLOROthiazide

Enalapril-hydroCHLOROthiazide is a combination medication used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). It combines enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), a thiazide diuretic (water pill). Enalapril works by relaxing blood vessels to lower blood pressure, while hydrochlorothiazide helps reduce fluid retention by increasing urine output. This combination effectively lowers blood pressure and reduces the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney damage.



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Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take for enalapril-hydrochlorothiazide to lower blood pressure?
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It may take several weeks of regular use to see the full blood pressure-lowering effects, though some reduction in blood pressure may be seen within hours of taking the dose.

Can I take enalapril-hydrochlorothiazide with food?
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Yes, enalapril-hydrochlorothiazide can be taken with or without food. If you experience stomach upset, taking it with food may help.

What should I do if I miss a dose?
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If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Can I drink alcohol while taking enalapril-hydrochlorothiazide?
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It is best to limit alcohol consumption, as it can enhance the blood pressure-lowering effects and increase the risk of dizziness or fainting.

Will I need regular blood tests while on enalapril-hydrochlorothiazide?
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Yes, regular blood tests may be required to monitor kidney function, electrolytes, and potassium levels, especially in patients with kidney disease or on other medications affecting kidney function.

Comprehensive Drug Guide

How Does Enalapril-hydroCHLOROthiazide Work?

Enalapril lowers blood pressure by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. This leads to the dilation of blood vessels, reducing blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide reduces fluid retention by promoting the excretion of sodium and water through the kidneys, lowering blood volume and further decreasing blood pressure.

Common Dosages

  • 5 mg / 12.5 mg once daily
  • 10 mg / 25 mg once daily The dosage is adjusted based on the patient’s response to treatment and blood pressure levels.

Typical Dosing

  • The typical starting dose is 5 mg/12.5 mg once daily. Based on response, the dose may be increased to 10 mg/25 mg once daily.
  • The medication should be taken at the same time each day, usually in the morning, to avoid frequent nighttime urination.


Typical Dosing

FDA Approved Indications

  • Hypertension (high blood pressure) in patients who need both an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic
  • Patients who do not respond adequately to monotherapy with either medication


Who Shouldn't Take Enalapril-hydroCHLOROthiazide?

  • History of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor use
  • Anuria (inability to produce urine)
  • Known hypersensitivity to enalapril, hydrochlorothiazide, or sulfonamide-derived drugs
  • Severe renal impairment or those requiring dialysis
  • Pregnancy, especially during the second and third trimesters, due to the risk of fetal harm


Advice From The Pharmacist

  • Take enalapril-hydrochlorothiazide exactly as prescribed, once daily, preferably in the morning to prevent nighttime urination.
  • Monitor your blood pressure regularly to ensure the medication is working effectively.
  • Avoid excessive salt substitutes or potassium supplements, as enalapril can increase potassium levels.
  • Stay hydrated but avoid excessive fluid intake, as hydrochlorothiazide increases urination and can cause dehydration.
  • If you experience a persistent dry cough, it may be due to enalapril, and you should consult your doctor.


Side Effects of Enalapril-hydroCHLOROthiazide

Common Side Effects

  • Dizziness or lightheadedness
  • Cough (due to enalapril)
  • Increased urination (due to hydrochlorothiazide)
  • Fatigue
  • Headache


Uncommon/Severe Side Effects

  • Angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat)
  • Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels)
  • Severe hypotension (low blood pressure)
  • Kidney dysfunction
  • Electrolyte imbalances (low sodium, potassium, or magnesium levels)

Risks and Warnings of Enalapril-hydroCHLOROthiazide

  • Angioedema: Enalapril can cause life-threatening angioedema. Patients experiencing swelling of the face, lips, or throat should seek immediate medical attention.
  • Hyperkalemia: Enalapril can increase potassium levels, leading to hyperkalemia. Potassium levels should be monitored, especially in patients with kidney disease.
  • Electrolyte Imbalance: Hydrochlorothiazide can cause imbalances in sodium, potassium, and magnesium levels. Regular blood tests are recommended to monitor these levels.
  • Pregnancy: This medication can cause fetal harm and should not be used during pregnancy, particularly in the second and third trimesters.

Interactions with Enalapril-hydroCHLOROthiazide

Common Drug Interactions

  • Potassium-sparing diuretics and supplements: Taking these with enalapril can increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
  • Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs like ibuprofen or naproxen can reduce the effectiveness of enalapril-hydrochlorothiazide and increase the risk of kidney damage.
  • Lithium: Enalapril may increase lithium levels, leading to toxicity.
  • Antidiabetic Medications: Hydrochlorothiazide may reduce the effectiveness of antidiabetic drugs, increasing blood sugar levels.

Alternatives to Enalapril-hydroCHLOROthiazide

  • Lisinopril-Hydrochlorothiazide: A similar combination of an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic used to treat high blood pressure.
  • Losartan-Hydrochlorothiazide (Hyzaar): A combination of an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) and hydrochlorothiazide used for hypertension.
  • Amlodipine-Benazepril (Lotrel): A combination of a calcium channel blocker and an ACE inhibitor used for hypertension.
  • Valsartan-Hydrochlorothiazide (Diovan HCT): An ARB combined with a diuretic for hypertension.