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Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide
Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide (brand names: Diovan HCT, Valsartan HCT) is a combination medication used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). It contains two active ingredients: valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), and hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic (water pill). Valsartan works by relaxing blood vessels, making it easier for blood to flow, while hydrochlorothiazide helps remove excess fluid and salt from the body, further lowering blood pressure. This combination is often prescribed when one drug alone is not sufficient to control high blood pressure.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide to lower blood pressure?
It may take 2 to 4 weeks for the full blood pressure-lowering effect to be seen. Continue taking the medication as prescribed, even if you don’t notice immediate changes.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide?
Alcohol can lower blood pressure further and increase the risk of side effects like dizziness or fainting. It’s best to limit alcohol intake while on this medication.
Can Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide be taken during pregnancy?
No, valsartan can cause harm to a developing fetus and should be avoided during pregnancy. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Does Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide cause weight gain?
Weight gain is not a common side effect, but if you notice significant changes in weight, especially due to fluid retention, contact your healthcare provider.
Can I stop taking Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide once my blood pressure is normal?
No, you should not stop taking the medication without consulting your healthcare provider. High blood pressure often requires long-term management, even if your readings improve. Stopping the medication suddenly can cause your blood pressure to rise again.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide Work?
- Valsartan: As an angiotensin II receptor blocker, valsartan blocks the effects of angiotensin II, a substance in the body that causes blood vessels to tighten and narrow. By blocking this action, valsartan helps relax and widen the blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and making it easier for the heart to pump blood.
- Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic that works by removing excess sodium and water from the body, which reduces blood volume and further helps to lower blood pressure.
Common Dosages
- 80 mg/12.5 mg tablet
- 160 mg/12.5 mg tablet
- 160 mg/25 mg tablet
- 320 mg/12.5 mg tablet
- 320 mg/25 mg tablet
Typical Dosing
- The usual starting dose for adults is 160 mg/12.5 mg once daily.
- The dosage may be adjusted based on blood pressure response, with a maximum dose of 320 mg/25 mg once daily.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure) in patients whose blood pressure is not adequately controlled with a single medication.
Who Shouldn't Take Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide?
- Severe kidney impairment or anuria (inability to produce urine).
- Hypersensitivity to valsartan, hydrochlorothiazide, or any component of the formulation.
- Allergy to sulfonamides (since hydrochlorothiazide is a sulfonamide derivative).
- Pregnancy: Valsartan can cause injury or death to a developing fetus.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide once daily, preferably at the same time each day, with or without food.
- Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day to prevent dehydration, especially when taking hydrochlorothiazide, which can increase urination.
- Avoid using salt substitutes or potassium supplements unless prescribed by your healthcare provider, as valsartan can increase potassium levels in the blood.
- Inform your healthcare provider if you experience dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when first starting the medication, as this may indicate low blood pressure.
- Regular monitoring of kidney function and electrolytes (such as potassium) is recommended during treatment.
Side Effects of Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness (especially when standing up)
- Increased urination (due to the diuretic effect)
- Fatigue
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- High potassium levels (hyperkalemia), which can cause symptoms like muscle weakness, irregular heartbeat, or numbness.
- Dehydration, leading to low blood pressure, dry mouth, or severe dizziness.
- Kidney problems, such as reduced urine output or swelling.
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing).
Risks and Warnings of Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide
- Pregnancy Risk: Valsartan can cause harm to a developing fetus and should not be used during pregnancy. If pregnancy occurs, the medication should be discontinued immediately.
- Electrolyte Imbalance: Hydrochlorothiazide can cause changes in blood electrolyte levels, including low potassium (hypokalemia), low sodium (hyponatremia), or high calcium (hypercalcemia). Regular monitoring of electrolytes is important during treatment.
- Kidney Impairment: This medication may worsen kidney function in some patients, especially those with pre-existing kidney conditions. Close monitoring of kidney function is necessary.
Interactions with Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide
Common Drug Interactions
- NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen): These drugs can reduce the blood pressure-lowering effect of valsartan and may increase the risk of kidney damage.
- Lithium: Concurrent use with Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide may increase lithium levels, leading to toxicity.
- Potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone): These can increase the risk of high potassium levels when taken with valsartan.
Alternatives to Valsartan-hydroCHLOROthiazide
- Losartan-hydrochlorothiazide: Another ARB combined with hydrochlorothiazide used for hypertension management.
- Amlodipine-benazepril: A combination of a calcium channel blocker and an ACE inhibitor for the treatment of high blood pressure.
- Lisinopril-hydrochlorothiazide: A combination of an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic used for hypertension.
