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Hyzaar
Hyzaar is a combination medication that contains losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), and hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic. It is primarily used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and to help reduce the risk of stroke in patients with high blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy. This combination helps to lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels and reducing fluid retention.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Hyzaar to start working?
Patients may begin to see a reduction in blood pressure within 1 to 2 weeks, but optimal control may take longer.
Can I take Hyzaar with other medications?
Always consult your healthcare provider before combining Hyzaar with other medications, especially other antihypertensives, diuretics, or medications that affect renal function.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Hyzaar?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Is it safe to use Hyzaar during pregnancy?
Hyzaar should not be used during pregnancy due to the potential risk to the fetus. Patients should inform their healthcare provider if they become pregnant.
Can Hyzaar cause weight gain?
Can Hyzaar cause weight gain?
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Hyzaar Work?
- Losartan works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict. By preventing this action, losartan helps to relax and widen blood vessels, lowering blood pressure.
- Hydrochlorothiazide promotes the excretion of sodium and water by the kidneys, which helps reduce blood volume and further lowers blood pressure.
Common Dosages
- Tablets: Common dosages include 50 mg/12.5 mg, 100 mg/12.5 mg, and 100 mg/25 mg (losartan/hydrochlorothiazide).
Typical Dosing
- The typical starting dose for Hyzaar is 50 mg/12.5 mg once daily, which may be adjusted based on blood pressure response.
- The maximum recommended dose is 100 mg/25 mg once daily.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Management of hypertension
- Reduction of stroke risk in patients with high blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy
Who Shouldn't Take Hyzaar?
- Known hypersensitivity to losartan, hydrochlorothiazide, or any components of the formulation
- Severe renal impairment
- Anuria (inability to produce urine)
- Pregnancy
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Hyzaar should be taken at the same time each day, with or without food.
- Monitor blood pressure regularly to ensure the medication is effective.
- Advise patients to maintain adequate hydration and to be aware of signs of electrolyte imbalance, such as muscle cramps or weakness.
Side Effects of Hyzaar
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Increased urination
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
- Low blood pressure (hypotension)
- Electrolyte imbalances (such as low potassium levels)
Risks and Warnings of Hyzaar
- Renal Impairment: Use with caution in patients with renal impairment, as it may worsen kidney function.
- Pregnancy: Hyzaar should be discontinued as soon as pregnancy is detected due to potential harm to the fetus.
- Electrolyte Imbalances: Monitor potassium levels, as thiazide diuretics can lead to low potassium (hypokalemia).
Interactions with Hyzaar
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Antihypertensives: Caution should be exercised when using with other blood pressure medications, as this can lead to additive hypotensive effects.
- Lithium: Co-administration with lithium may increase lithium levels and the risk of toxicity.
- NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may reduce the antihypertensive effect of Hyzaar and increase the risk of renal impairment.
Alternatives to Hyzaar
- Losartan alone: For patients who may not need a diuretic.
- Other ARBs: Such as valsartan or candesartan.
- ACE Inhibitors: Such as lisinopril, which have a similar mechanism of action for blood pressure control.
