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Lotensin
Lotensin is the brand name for benazepril, a medication used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). It belongs to the class of drugs known as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. By relaxing blood vessels, Lotensin helps to lower blood pressure, reducing the risk of complications such as stroke, heart attack, and kidney problems. In some cases, Lotensin may also be used in combination with other medications to treat heart failure.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Lotensin to lower blood pressure?
Lotensin starts to lower blood pressure within 1 to 2 hours of taking the first dose, but it may take several weeks of consistent use to see the full effects.
Can Lotensin be used during pregnancy?
No, Lotensin should not be used during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, as it can harm or even cause death to the developing fetus.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Lotensin?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the regular time. Do not take two doses at once.
Does Lotensin cause a persistent cough?
Yes, a persistent dry cough is a common side effect of Lotensin and other ACE inhibitors. If this becomes bothersome, consult your doctor about switching to another medication, such as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB).
Can I stop taking Lotensin if my blood pressure improves?
Do not stop taking Lotensin without consulting your doctor, even if your blood pressure improves. Blood pressure can increase again if the medication is stopped abruptly, which may increase your risk of heart attack or stroke.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Lotensin Work?
Lotensin works by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is involved in the production of angiotensin II, a substance that causes blood vessels to narrow and increases blood pressure. By blocking this enzyme, Lotensin causes blood vessels to relax and widen, reducing blood pressure and improving blood flow. This helps alleviate the strain on the heart and improves overall cardiovascular health.
Common Dosages
- 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg oral tablets
The typical starting dose is 10 mg once daily for most patients, with adjustments made based on the patient’s response and blood pressure levels. The maintenance dose ranges from 20 mg to 40 mg daily, either as a single dose or divided into two doses.
Typical Dosing
- For hypertension: The starting dose is 10 mg once daily in patients who are not taking a diuretic. The dose may be increased to 20 mg to 40 mg daily, depending on the response.
- For heart failure (off-label use): The initial dose may be 5 mg once daily, with gradual increases based on the patient’s condition and tolerance, up to a maximum of 40 mg per day.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- The treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure) in adults and children aged 6 years and older.
- Heart failure (as an off-label use), often in combination with other medications to reduce symptoms and improve heart function.
Who Shouldn't Take Lotensin?
- Hypersensitivity or allergy to benazepril or other ACE inhibitors.
- History of angioedema (swelling under the skin), particularly if associated with previous ACE inhibitor use.
- Pregnancy: Lotensin can cause injury or death to the developing fetus when used during the second and third trimesters.
- Severe kidney impairment or patients on dialysis with certain dialysis membranes.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Lotensin should be taken once daily, with or without food, at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood pressure control.
- Do not stop taking Lotensin abruptly without consulting your doctor, as this can cause a sudden spike in blood pressure.
- Stay hydrated, but avoid excessive salt substitutes or potassium supplements unless directed by your healthcare provider, as Lotensin can increase potassium levels.
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it is close to your next dose. Do not double up on doses.
Side Effects of Lotensin
Common Side Effects
- Cough (a dry, persistent cough)
- Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up quickly
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Increased potassium levels (hyperkalemia)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Angioedema (severe swelling of the face, lips, throat, or tongue)
- Severe hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Kidney dysfunction (changes in urine output or signs of kidney failure)
- Allergic reactions, such as rash or difficulty breathing
Risks and Warnings of Lotensin
- Angioedema Risk: Lotensin can cause angioedema, a rare but serious condition where swelling occurs in the deeper layers of the skin, often affecting the face, lips, or throat. If you experience symptoms of angioedema, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
- Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels): Lotensin can increase potassium levels, which can lead to dangerous heart rhythms. Avoid potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium unless directed by your doctor.
- Hypotension: Lotensin can cause a significant drop in blood pressure, especially in people who are dehydrated or taking diuretics. Dizziness or fainting may occur when standing up too quickly.
- Kidney Function: Patients with impaired kidney function or those taking Lotensin alongside certain other medications may experience worsening kidney function. Regular monitoring of kidney function and electrolytes is recommended during treatment.
Interactions with Lotensin
Common Drug Interactions
- Diuretics (e.g., furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide): Taking Lotensin with diuretics can increase the risk of low blood pressure or dehydration.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs like ibuprofen or naproxen can reduce the effectiveness of Lotensin and increase the risk of kidney problems.
- Potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone): Combining these with Lotensin increases the risk of hyperkalemia (high potassium levels).
- Lithium: Lotensin may increase lithium levels, leading to lithium toxicity.
Alternatives to Lotensin
- Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril): Another commonly prescribed ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure.
- Losartan (Cozaar): An angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that provides similar benefits to ACE inhibitors but may be used in patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors.
- Amlodipine (Norvasc): A calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure and angina.
- Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ): A thiazide diuretic commonly used to lower blood pressure by helping the kidneys remove excess fluid.
