Candesartan Cilexetil-HCTZ

Candesartan Cilexetil-HCTZ is available in tablet form, with typical strengths combining both drugs:

• 16 mg/12.5 mg: 16 mg of Candesartan Cilexetil and 12.5 mg of HCTZ.
• 32 mg/12.5 mg: 32 mg of Candesartan Cilexetil and 12.5 mg of HCTZ.
• 32 mg/25 mg: 32 mg of Candesartan Cilexetil and 25 mg of HCTZ.

The dose depends on the patient’s individual response to treatment, and the healthcare provider may adjust the dose to achieve optimal blood pressure control.

Candesartan Cilexetil-HCTZ is contraindicated in patients with:

• A history of hypersensitivity to Candesartan, HCTZ, or any of the ingredients.
• Anuria (inability to produce urine).
• Pregnancy: Candesartan can cause injury or death to a developing fetus when used in the second or third trimester.
• Severe kidney or liver disease without proper monitoring.
• A history of sulfonamide allergy (due to HCTZ being a sulfonamide derivative).

Patients using Candesartan Cilexetil-HCTZ should be advised to:

• Take the medication exactly as prescribed, even if they feel well, as hypertension often has no noticeable symptoms.
• Stay hydrated, especially during periods of excessive sweating, heat, or illness. However, be cautious not to over-hydrate, as HCTZ may increase urination.
• Avoid potassium supplements or salt substitutes unless directed by a healthcare provider, as Candesartan can increase potassium levels.
• Monitor blood pressure regularly and share results with their healthcare provider.
• Get up slowly from sitting or lying down, as this medication may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially during the first few weeks of treatment.
• Report any symptoms of swelling, weight gain, or difficulty breathing, as these could be signs of fluid retention or kidney problems.

• Dizziness or lightheadedness (especially when standing up).
• Increased urination (due to HCTZ).
• Fatigue or tiredness.
• Low blood pressure (hypotension).
• Muscle cramps or weakness (due to loss of potassium or magnesium from HCTZ).
• Elevated blood sugar levels.

• Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels): Symptoms include muscle weakness, fatigue, or irregular heartbeat.
• Dehydration and Electrolyte Imbalance: Symptoms include dry mouth, extreme thirst, confusion, and muscle cramps.
• Kidney Dysfunction: Symptoms include changes in urine output, swelling, or unusual fatigue.
• Severe Allergic Reactions: Rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.

• Risk of Fetal Harm: Candesartan can cause injury or death to a developing fetus, particularly during the second and third trimesters. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should not take this medication.
• Electrolyte Imbalance: HCTZ can cause imbalances in electrolytes, such as low potassium, magnesium, or sodium levels. Regular blood tests may be required to monitor electrolyte levels.
• Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure): Especially in patients who are dehydrated or on other blood pressure medications, Candesartan Cilexetil-HCTZ can cause excessive drops in blood pressure.
• Kidney Function: Patients with impaired kidney function should be closely monitored, as both Candesartan and HCTZ can affect kidney function.

Candesartan Cilexetil-HCTZ may interact with other medications, including:

• Potassium Supplements or Potassium-Sparing Diuretics: Can increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
• Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Such as ibuprofen or naproxen, which can reduce the effectiveness of Candesartan and increase the risk of kidney damage.
• Lithium: Candesartan and HCTZ can increase lithium levels, leading to potential toxicity.
• Other Diuretics or Blood Pressure Medications: Can increase the risk of low blood pressure or electrolyte imbalance.

Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all medications and supplements they are taking to avoid potential interactions.

Alternative treatments for hypertension include:

• Other ARBs: Such as losartan, valsartan, or irbesartan, often used when Candesartan alone is not sufficient.
• ACE Inhibitors: Such as lisinopril or enalapril, which work similarly to ARBs but may cause more side effects like coughing.
• Calcium Channel Blockers: Such as amlodipine, which also helps relax blood vessels.
• Beta-Blockers: Such as metoprolol or carvedilol, which reduce blood pressure by slowing the heart rate.
• Other Diuretics: Including loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide) or potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone).