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Avapro
Avapro, the brand name for irbesartan, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and to protect the kidneys in patients with type 2 diabetes. It belongs to the angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) drug class, which works by relaxing blood vessels to lower blood pressure. This helps reduce the risk of strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems associated with high blood pressure and diabetes.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What should I do if I miss a dose of Avapro?
Take it as soon as you remember, but skip it if it's almost time for your next dose. Never double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Can I take Avapro with food?
Yes, Avapro can be taken with or without food, but try to take it at the same time each day for consistency.
How long does it take for Avapro to work?
It may take a few weeks to see the full effects on your blood pressure, though some improvements might be noticeable within a week.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Avapro?
It is best to limit alcohol consumption, as it can increase the risk of side effects like dizziness or low blood pressure.
Can Avapro cause weight gain?
Weight gain is not a common side effect of irbesartan. However, if you notice significant changes in weight, consult your healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Avapro Work?
Avapro works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a chemical in the body that causes blood vessels to tighten and constrict. By blocking the effects of angiotensin II, Avapro helps relax and widen the blood vessels, which lowers blood pressure and improves blood flow. It also helps prevent further kidney damage in people with diabetes.
Common Dosages
- Tablets: 75 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg
Typical Dosing
- For hypertension: Start with 150 mg once daily. The dose may be increased to 300 mg once daily if necessary.
- For diabetic nephropathy: The usual dose is 300 mg once daily.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treating high blood pressure (hypertension)
- Protecting the kidneys in patients with type 2 diabetes who have high blood pressure
Off-Label Uses
Off-label uses may include managing heart failure or preventing cardiovascular events in patients at high risk.
Who Shouldn't Take Avapro?
- Hypersensitivity to irbesartan or any of its components
- Pregnancy, as it can cause harm or death to the developing fetus
- Severe renal artery stenosis (narrowing of the arteries leading to the kidneys)
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take irbesartan once daily, with or without food, and try to take it at the same time every day.
- Avoid potassium supplements and salt substitutes unless advised by your healthcare provider, as irbesartan can increase potassium levels.
- Be cautious when consuming alcohol, as it may enhance side effects like dizziness or low blood pressure.
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, but skip it if it's almost time for your next dose.
- Always consult your doctor if you experience persistent side effects or have concerns about your treatment.
Side Effects of Avapro
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when starting the medication
- Fatigue
- Upset stomach or diarrhea
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Fainting
- Swelling of the face, lips, or throat (signs of an allergic reaction)
- High potassium levels, indicated by muscle weakness or irregular heartbeat
Risks and Warnings of Avapro
- Pregnancy Warning: Avapro can cause fetal harm if taken during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters. It is important to discontinue the medication as soon as pregnancy is detected.
- Hyperkalemia: Avapro may increase potassium levels in the blood. Regular monitoring of potassium levels is recommended, especially in patients with kidney disease or those on potassium-sparing diuretics.
- Hypotension: Patients who are volume-depleted (due to dehydration or diuretics) may experience low blood pressure when starting Avapro. Gradual dosage increases may help minimize this risk.
Interactions with Avapro
Common Drug Interactions
- Diuretics: Using diuretics with Avapro may increase the risk of low blood pressure.
- NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, may reduce the effectiveness of Avapro and worsen kidney function.
- Potassium supplements: Avapro can raise potassium levels, so avoid taking potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium without consulting your doctor.
Alternatives to Avapro
- Losartan (Cozaar): Another ARB used to treat hypertension and kidney issues in diabetic patients.
- Valsartan (Diovan): An ARB that treats high blood pressure and heart failure.
- Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril): An ACE inhibitor that works similarly to ARBs by lowering blood pressure and protecting the kidneys in diabetic patients.
- Amlodipine (Norvasc): A calcium channel blocker used for hypertension.
