NiHowdy > Drug Classes > Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors

Browse Medications by Drug Class: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors

Written by Amar Lunagaria

Pharm.D • NiHowdy Founder

Reviewed by James Wong

Pharm.D • NiHowdy Founder

Published Jan 15, 2025

Fact checked

What are Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors?

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of medications primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes by helping the kidneys remove excess glucose from the bloodstream through urine. These medications work by blocking the SGLT2 protein in the kidneys, reducing glucose reabsorption and lowering blood sugar levels. In addition to managing diabetes, SGLT2 inhibitors have demonstrated benefits in improving cardiovascular and kidney health. A unique feature of SGLT2 inhibitors is their dual role in glucose control and organ protection, making them versatile therapies. NiHowdy ensures affordable access to these cutting-edge medications, supporting patients in achieving comprehensive health improvements.

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List of drugs in Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors

Drug Name	More Information	NiHowdy Prices & Bitcoin Rebate

Farxiga	Farxiga Information	Farxiga Pricing
Glyxambi	Glyxambi Information	Glyxambi Pricing
Invokana	Invokana Information	Invokana Pricing
Jardiance	Jardiance Information	Jardiance Pricing
Segluromet	Segluromet Information	Segluromet Pricing
Steglatro	Steglatro Information	Steglatro Pricing
Steglujan	Steglujan Information	Steglujan Pricing
Synjardy	Synjardy Information	Synjardy Pricing
Synjardy XR	Synjardy XR Information	Synjardy XR Pricing
Trijardy XR	Trijardy XR Information	Trijardy XR Pricing
Xigduo XR	Xigduo XR Information	Xigduo XR Pricing

Brief history about Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors?

The development of SGLT2 inhibitors began with the discovery of the role of the SGLT2 protein in glucose reabsorption in the kidneys. In 2013, the first SGLT2 inhibitor, canagliflozin, received FDA approval for treating type 2 diabetes. Since then, other agents like dapagliflozin and empagliflozin have been introduced, offering additional options for patients. Over time, these medications have expanded their use to include cardiovascular and kidney disease management, showcasing their broader therapeutic potential. NiHowdy simplifies access to these transformative medications, ensuring affordability for patients managing diabetes and related conditions.

How do Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors work?

SGLT2 inhibitors work by blocking the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 protein in the proximal tubules of the kidneys. This protein is responsible for reabsorbing glucose from filtered blood back into the body. By inhibiting this process, SGLT2 inhibitors increase glucose excretion through urine, effectively lowering blood sugar levels. Additionally, these medications promote weight loss and reduce blood pressure, offering multiple metabolic benefits. For example, empagliflozin has shown significant cardiovascular protective effects, reducing the risk of heart failure hospitalization. NiHowdy ensures patients can access these comprehensive therapies affordably, improving their overall health outcomes.

What are Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors used to treat?

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

SGLT2 inhibitors are primarily prescribed for managing type 2 diabetes. By reducing blood sugar levels through increased glucose excretion, these medications help improve glycemic control. They are often used in combination with other antidiabetic agents to provide comprehensive diabetes management.

Heart Failure

Medications like dapagliflozin and empagliflozin are approved for reducing the risk of cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization in patients with HFrEF. These drugs improve heart function by reducing fluid overload and improving cardiac efficiency.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

SGLT2 inhibitors are used to slow the progression of kidney damage in patients with CKD, particularly those with diabetic kidney disease. By reducing hyperfiltration and inflammation in the kidneys, these medications preserve renal function and delay the need for dialysis.

Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in High-Risk Patients

For patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, SGLT2 inhibitors like empagliflozin reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke, improving long-term health outcomes.

Who should consider Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors medications?

Adults

Adults with type 2 diabetes, heart failure, or CKD benefit significantly from SGLT2 inhibitors. These medications provide comprehensive metabolic and organ protection, making them ideal for patients with multiple co-existing conditions. Healthcare providers tailor treatment to individual needs, ensuring optimal results.

Children

SGLT2 inhibitors are not commonly used in pediatric populations but may be considered in rare cases of type 2 diabetes in adolescents. Ongoing studies aim to determine their safety and efficacy in younger age groups. Doses, if used, are adjusted carefully to minimize risks.

Seniors

Seniors with diabetes or cardiovascular and kidney conditions benefit from SGLT2 inhibitors due to their ability to reduce disease progression and improve quality of life. Age-related changes in kidney function require careful dose adjustments and regular monitoring to minimize side effects.

Are Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors safe?

SGLT2 inhibitors are generally safe and well-tolerated when used as prescribed. Common side effects include urinary tract infections, genital yeast infections, and increased urination, which are typically mild and manageable. Rare but serious risks include diabetic ketoacidosis and a slight increase in the risk of lower limb amputations with certain medications like canagliflozin. Regular monitoring and adherence to prescribed regimens ensure the safe use of these medications.

Can I take Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors during pregnancy?

SGLT2 inhibitors are not recommended during pregnancy due to limited data on their safety and potential risks to the developing fetus. Pregnant individuals with diabetes should consult their healthcare provider to explore safer treatment options.

Are Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors safe to take while lactating?

The safety of SGLT2 inhibitors during breastfeeding is not well-established, and their use is generally avoided. Lactating individuals should consult their healthcare provider to discuss alternative treatments for managing their condition.

Are Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors controlled substances?

SGLT2 inhibitors are not classified as controlled substances. They are available by prescription for managing diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers ensure proper use and monitoring.

Side effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors?

SGLT2 inhibitors are effective but may cause side effects. Common side effects include increased urination, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and genital yeast infections. These symptoms are usually mild and manageable with good hygiene practices and supportive care. Less common side effects include dehydration, dizziness, and low blood pressure, particularly in patients already taking diuretics or with low fluid intake. Adjusting fluid intake and monitoring blood pressure can mitigate these effects. Rare but serious side effects include diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which can occur even with normal blood sugar levels. Symptoms like nausea, abdominal pain, and confusion require immediate medical attention. Some medications, like canagliflozin, have also been associated with an increased risk of lower limb amputations, emphasizing the importance of foot care in at-risk populations. Regular follow-ups and open communication with healthcare providers ensure the safe and effective use of SGLT2 inhibitors. By adhering to prescribed regimens and addressing side effects promptly, patients can achieve significant improvements in their health outcomes.

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Cost considerations and insurance coverage for Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors

The cost of SGLT2 inhibitors varies depending on the specific medication and formulation. Generic options are not yet widely available, making branded drugs like dapagliflozin and empagliflozin more expensive. Most insurance plans cover these medications for approved indications, such as diabetes or heart failure. NiHowdy offers discounts, rebates, and Bitcoin rewards to make these advanced treatments accessible and cost-effective.

How do I get rebates on Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors?

NiHowdy's Bitcoin rebate program for SGLT2 inhibitors provides patients with a unique opportunity to save on healthcare costs while earning potential financial growth. This innovative approach makes managing diabetes and related conditions both affordable and rewarding, ensuring access to life-changing treatments while building long-term value.