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Zirgan
Zirgan (ganciclovir ophthalmic gel) is an antiviral medication used to treat herpetic keratitis, an eye infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). This infection affects the cornea, leading to inflammation and potentially vision problems if left untreated. Zirgan works by inhibiting the replication of the herpes virus, helping to reduce symptoms and prevent the progression of the infection.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Zirgan to work?
Healing typically begins within a few days, but full recovery may take 7 to 14 days. It's important to continue using the gel as prescribed, even after symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence.
Can I use Zirgan if I wear contact lenses?
Contact lenses should not be worn while using Zirgan, as the medication can adhere to the lenses. Wait 15 minutes after applying the gel before reinserting your contact lenses.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and return to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up doses.
Can Zirgan be used for cold sores or other herpes infections?
No, Zirgan is specifically formulated for use in the eye to treat herpetic keratitis. It is not intended for use on cold sores or other types of herpes infections.
Is Zirgan safe for long-term use?
Zirgan is typically used for short-term treatment (up to 14 days). Long-term use should be under the guidance of a healthcare provider due to the potential for side effects such as eye irritation.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Zirgan Work?
Ganciclovir, the active ingredient in Zirgan, is a synthetic analog of guanine. It works by inhibiting the DNA replication of herpes simplex virus (HSV). Once applied to the eye, ganciclovir is activated by viral enzymes, which allow it to specifically target and stop the reproduction of viral DNA in infected cells, thus helping to clear the infection and prevent further damage to the cornea.
Common Dosages
- Zirgan is available as a 0.15% ophthalmic gel, provided in a small tube for topical application.
Typical Dosing
- The typical dose is one drop in the affected eye(s) five times a day (every 3 hours while awake) until the corneal ulcer heals.
- After healing, the dosage is reduced to one drop three times a day for an additional 7 days to prevent recurrence and ensure complete treatment.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- The treatment of acute herpetic keratitis (dendritic ulcers) caused by the herpes simplex virus.
Who Shouldn't Take Zirgan?
- Hypersensitivity to ganciclovir, acyclovir, or any of the ingredients in the formulation.
- Zirgan is not typically used for other viral eye infections unrelated to HSV or for bacterial or fungal eye infections.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Wash your hands before and after applying the gel to avoid contamination.
- Apply one drop of Zirgan directly into the affected eye(s) by pulling down your lower eyelid and gently squeezing the tube. Do not touch the tip of the tube to your eye or any surface.
- After applying the gel, blink a few times to distribute it evenly across your eye.
- If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying the gel and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them, as contact lenses can absorb the medication.
- Follow your dosing schedule as directed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve before the treatment period is over.
Side Effects of Zirgan
Common Side Effects
- Blurred vision
- Eye irritation or redness
- Eye discharge
- Tearing or watery eyes
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe eye pain or swelling
- Worsening vision problems
- Allergic reactions (itching, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Zirgan
- Corneal Irritation: Some patients may experience eye irritation or discomfort after applying Zirgan. This is typically mild, but if symptoms worsen or do not improve, contact your doctor.
- Allergic Reactions: Although rare, Zirgan can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. If you experience symptoms like swelling, itching, or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately.
- Use in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of Zirgan in pregnant or breastfeeding women has not been fully established. Discuss the potential risks with your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Interactions with Zirgan
Common Drug Interactions
- Other eye medications: If you are using other eye drops or gels, wait at least 5 to 10 minutes between applications to prevent interference with absorption.
- Contact lenses: Avoid wearing contact lenses during treatment with Zirgan unless directed otherwise by your healthcare provider.
Alternatives to Zirgan
- Acyclovir (Zovirax) Ophthalmic Ointment: Another antiviral treatment used for herpetic eye infections.
- Trifluridine (Viroptic): An antiviral eye drop used to treat herpes simplex virus infections of the eye.
- Valacyclovir (Valtrex): An oral antiviral medication sometimes used in combination with topical treatments for HSV infections, including herpetic keratitis.
