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Trifluridine
Trifluridine (brand name Viroptic) is an antiviral medication used to treat herpetic keratitis, an eye infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is an ophthalmic solution that works by inhibiting the replication of the virus in the eye, helping to reduce the infection and prevent further damage to the cornea.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for trifluridine to work?
You may notice an improvement in symptoms within a few days of starting treatment, but it is important to complete the full course of therapy, typically up to 14 days or longer, depending on your doctor's instructions.
Can I stop using trifluridine once my symptoms improve?
No, you should continue using trifluridine for the full prescribed duration, even if your symptoms improve before finishing the medication. Stopping early can cause the infection to return.
Can trifluridine cause blurred vision?
Yes, temporary blurred vision is a common side effect after applying trifluridine. This should clear up after a short time, but avoid activities like driving until your vision returns to normal.
Can I use trifluridine while wearing contact lenses?
No, you should not wear contact lenses while using trifluridine. Wait until your eye infection has fully cleared before resuming contact lens use.
What should I do if I miss a dose of trifluridine?
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not use extra drops to make up for the missed dose.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Trifluridine Work?
Trifluridine works by incorporating itself into the viral DNA, thereby inhibiting the virus's ability to replicate and spread. This helps slow down and eventually stop the infection, allowing the body's immune system to clear the virus. It is particularly effective against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections of the eye.
Common Dosages
- 1% ophthalmic solution (eye drops).
Typical Dosing
- The usual dose is one drop in the affected eye every 2 hours while awake, for up to 9 drops per day.
- Once healing begins, the dosing is typically reduced to one drop every 4 hours (5 times per day) for 7 additional days.
- Treatment should not exceed 21 days without reevaluation by your healthcare provider.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- The treatment of herpetic keratitis (inflammation of the cornea caused by the herpes simplex virus).
Who Shouldn't Take Trifluridine?
- Known hypersensitivity to trifluridine or any components of the solution.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Use trifluridine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Shake the bottle well before each use.
- Wash your hands before applying the eye drops to avoid contamination.
- Do not touch the dropper tip to your eye or any other surface to prevent contamination of the solution.
- Use trifluridine for the full prescribed duration, even if symptoms improve before the infection is completely cleared.
- If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying trifluridine and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them. It is recommended to avoid contact lenses until the infection has cleared.
Side Effects of Trifluridine
Common Side Effects
- Temporary stinging or burning in the eye
- Redness of the eye
- Swelling or irritation of the eyelid
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Eye pain
- Blurred vision
- Corneal thinning or ulceration with prolonged use
Risks and Warnings of Trifluridine
- Corneal Toxicity: Prolonged use of trifluridine (beyond 21 days) can lead to corneal thinning or ulceration. It is important to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and not exceed the prescribed treatment duration.
- Hypersensitivity Reactions: If you experience an allergic reaction, such as eye swelling, severe irritation, or rash, discontinue use and seek immediate medical attention.
- Visual Impairment: Trifluridine may cause temporary blurred vision after application. Avoid activities requiring clear vision, such as driving, until your vision returns to normal.
Interactions with Trifluridine
Common Drug Interactions
- Other eye medications: If you are using other eye drops or ointments, wait at least 5 minutes between using trifluridine and other medications to prevent dilution of the effects.
- Contact lenses: Trifluridine should not be used with contact lenses during the treatment of an active infection. Contact lens wear should be resumed only after the infection has completely cleared.
Alternatives to Trifluridine
- Ganciclovir (Zirgan): An antiviral gel used to treat herpetic keratitis caused by herpes simplex virus.
- Acyclovir (Zovirax): An oral antiviral medication that may be used in more severe cases of herpetic keratitis or as an adjunct treatment.
- Valacyclovir (Valtrex): Another oral antiviral used for herpes virus infections, including ocular herpes, in more advanced or recurrent cases.
