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Zioptan
Zioptan, the brand name for tafluprost, is a prostaglandin analog eye drop used to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. By lowering eye pressure, Zioptan helps to prevent damage to the optic nerve, which can lead to vision loss or blindness. It is a preservative-free formulation, making it ideal for patients who are sensitive to preservatives in other eye drops.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Zioptan to start lowering intraocular pressure?
Zioptan starts lowering intraocular pressure within 2 to 4 hours after administration, and the maximum effect occurs after 12 hours. Full benefits can be seen with continued use over time.
Can I use Zioptan with other glaucoma medications?
Yes, Zioptan can be used with other glaucoma medications such as beta-blockers or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. However, wait at least 5 minutes between applying different eye drops to avoid washout.
Does Zioptan change eye color?
Yes, Zioptan can cause permanent darkening of the iris, particularly in patients with lighter-colored or mixed-color irises. This color change is gradual and may not be noticeable for months to years.
How should I store Zioptan?
Store unopened pouches of Zioptan in the refrigerator at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C). Once opened, single-use containers can be stored at room temperature for up to 28 days. Discard the container immediately after use.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Zioptan?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Zioptan Work?
Zioptan works by mimicking prostaglandin, a naturally occurring substance in the body. It increases the outflow of aqueous humor (the fluid inside the eye) through the uveoscleral pathway, which helps to lower intraocular pressure. By reducing eye pressure, Zioptan reduces the risk of optic nerve damage in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
What is Zioptan Used For?
Common Dosages
- Zioptan is available as 0.0015% tafluprost ophthalmic solution in single-use containers.
Typical Dosing
- The usual dose is one drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening. Using Zioptan more frequently than once daily is not recommended, as it may reduce the effectiveness of the medication.
- After administration, it is recommended to close the eyes and press gently on the inner corner of the eye (nasolacrimal duct) for 1 to 2 minutes to help prevent the medication from draining into the tear duct and improve absorption.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Lowering intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
Who Shouldn't Take Zioptan?
- Known hypersensitivity to tafluprost or any of the ingredients in the formulation.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Administer Zioptan in the evening, as this timing helps maximize the effectiveness of reducing intraocular pressure.
- Since Zioptan is preservative-free, it comes in single-use containers. Once opened, the container should be used immediately and discarded after use, even if there is medication left in the vial.
- Do not let the tip of the container touch your eye, eyelid, or any other surface to avoid contamination.
- If using other eye drops, wait at least 5 minutes between applying Zioptan and other eye medications.
- Zioptan can cause eyelash changes (such as increased length, thickness, or darkness) and may cause darkening of the iris (colored part of the eye) over time, especially in people with lighter-colored eyes.
Side Effects of Zioptan
Common Side Effects
- Mild eye redness or discomfort
- Blurred vision
- Increased pigmentation of the iris (eye color may darken)
- Darkening of the eyelid skin
- Eyelash growth (length, thickness, and number)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe eye irritation
- Infection if the single-use container is contaminated
- Changes in vision
Risks and Warnings of Zioptan
- Iris pigmentation: Zioptan can cause a permanent change in eye color by increasing the brown pigment in the iris. This change is more noticeable in patients with mixed-color irises (e.g., blue-brown, green-brown).
- Eyelash and eyelid changes: Zioptan may cause eyelash growth and darkening of the skin around the eyes. These changes are reversible upon discontinuation of the drug but can take time to fade.
- Macular edema: Zioptan may increase the risk of macular edema, particularly in patients who are aphakic (have had their lenses removed) or are pseudophakic with a torn posterior lens capsule.
- Infection risk: Because Zioptan is preservative-free, improper use or contamination of the container may lead to an increased risk of eye infections. Always discard the single-use vial after use.
Interactions with Zioptan
Common Drug Interactions
- Other eye drops: Zioptan can be used in combination with other medications for glaucoma, such as beta-blockers (timolol) or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (dorzolamide), but it should be administered at least 5 minutes apart from other eye drops to avoid dilution.
- Prostaglandin analogs: Using Zioptan with other prostaglandin analogs (such as latanoprost or travoprost) is not recommended, as this can reduce the effectiveness of both medications.
Alternatives to Zioptan
- Latanoprost (Xalatan): Another prostaglandin analog used to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
- Travoprost (Travatan Z): A prostaglandin analog with a different formulation that also reduces eye pressure.
- Bimatoprost (Lumigan): Another prostaglandin analog used for reducing intraocular pressure.
- Timolol: A beta-blocker eye drop that can be used alone or in combination with prostaglandin analogs to lower eye pressure.
- Brinzolamide (Azopt): A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that helps decrease intraocular pressure.
