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Xalatan
Xalatan, the brand name for latanoprost, is a prescription prostaglandin analog eye drop used to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. By lowering the pressure in the eye, Xalatan helps prevent damage to the optic nerve, which can lead to vision loss or blindness. Xalatan is typically used once daily to help manage the progression of these conditions.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Xalatan to lower intraocular pressure?
Xalatan typically begins to lower intraocular pressure within 3 to 4 hours after administration, with peak effects occurring around 8 to 12 hours. Full effects may be seen after several weeks of consistent use.
Can I use Xalatan more than once a day?
No, Xalatan should only be used once daily. Using it more frequently can reduce its effectiveness in lowering intraocular pressure.
Does Xalatan change eye color permanently?
Yes, Xalatan may cause permanent darkening of the iris, especially in people with lighter-colored eyes. This change is gradual and may not be noticeable for several months.
Can Xalatan be used in combination with other glaucoma medications?
Yes, Xalatan can be used with other glaucoma medications, such as beta-blockers or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. However, always wait at least 5 minutes between applying different eye drops.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Xalatan?
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not apply two doses to make up for a missed one.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Xalatan Work?
Xalatan works by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor (the fluid in the eye) through the uveoscleral pathway, which helps lower intraocular pressure. This reduction in pressure protects the optic nerve from damage, slowing the progression of glaucoma and preventing vision loss.
Common Dosages
- Xalatan is available as a 0.005% latanoprost ophthalmic solution. Each mL contains 50 mcg of latanoprost.
Typical Dosing
- The usual dose of Xalatan is one drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening. More frequent administration can reduce its effectiveness, so it should not be used more than once a day.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Lowering intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
Who Shouldn't Take Xalatan?
- Known hypersensitivity to latanoprost or any of the components in the formulation.
- Active eye infections (since it can potentially exacerbate the condition).
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Apply Xalatan in the evening for maximum effectiveness. Instill one drop in the affected eye(s) once daily and avoid using it more than once per day.
- If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying Xalatan. You can reinsert your lenses 15 minutes after using the drops.
- To prevent contamination, avoid touching the tip of the dropper to your eye or any other surface.
- After instilling the drop, gently press on the inner corner of the eye (near the nose) for 1 to 2 minutes to reduce drainage of the medication through the tear duct.
- Store unopened bottles of Xalatan in the refrigerator. Once opened, the bottle can be stored at room temperature for up to 6 weeks.
Side Effects of Xalatan
Common Side Effects
- Eye redness
- Blurred vision
- Eyelash growth
- Increased pigmentation of the iris (darkening of the eye color, which may be permanent)
- Eye discomfort or burning
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Eye infection (symptoms include redness, swelling, or discharge)
- Changes in vision
- Swelling of the eye or eyelids
Risks and Warnings of Xalatan
- Iris pigmentation: Xalatan can cause permanent darkening of the iris, particularly in patients with lighter-colored or mixed-color irises. This change is gradual and may not be reversible.
- Eyelash growth: Xalatan may cause eyelashes to grow longer, thicker, and darker. This effect is typically more noticeable in patients using the drops in only one eye.
- Macular edema: Xalatan can increase the risk of macular edema (swelling in the retina) in certain patients, particularly those who have had eye surgery or have other retinal conditions.
- Infection risk: Improper use or contamination of the dropper can increase the risk of eye infections. Always follow proper administration techniques.
Interactions with Xalatan
Common Drug Interactions
- Other prostaglandin analogs: Using Xalatan with other prostaglandin analogs (such as bimatoprost or travoprost) is not recommended, as this can reduce the effectiveness of both medications.
- Other eye drops: If you are using multiple eye medications, wait at least 5 minutes between using Xalatan and any other eye drops to avoid dilution.
Alternatives to Xalatan
- Travoprost (Travatan Z): Another prostaglandin analog used to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients.
- Bimatoprost (Lumigan): A prostaglandin analog that also helps reduce intraocular pressure and has similar effects on eyelash growth.
- Timolol: A beta-blocker eye drop that is often used to treat glaucoma by reducing aqueous humor production.
- Dorzolamide (Trusopt): A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that helps reduce eye pressure by decreasing fluid production in the eye.
