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Suprax
Suprax (generic name: cefixime) is an oral cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs), otitis media (middle ear infections), bronchitis, and gonorrhea. Cefixime works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to the destruction of the bacteria. It is commonly prescribed for infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria and is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Suprax to start working?
You may start feeling better within a few days of starting Suprax, but it is important to complete the full course of the antibiotic, even if your symptoms improve, to fully clear the infection.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Suprax?
It is generally safe to consume alcohol in moderation while taking Suprax. However, alcohol may increase the risk of certain side effects like nausea or dizziness.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of Suprax, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.
Can I take Suprax if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Suprax is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but you should consult your healthcare provider before taking it. Small amounts of cefixime can pass into breast milk, so discuss breastfeeding with your doctor before using Suprax.
Can Suprax treat viral infections like the common cold or flu?
No, Suprax is an antibiotic and is only effective against bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections like the common cold or flu.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Suprax Work?
Cefixime works by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) on the bacterial cell wall, inhibiting the final stages of peptidoglycan synthesis, which is essential for bacterial cell wall integrity. This leads to cell wall rupture and bacterial death, effectively treating infections caused by susceptible bacteria.
Common Dosages
- 400 mg tablets
- Oral suspension: 100 mg/5 mL and 200 mg/5 mL
Typical Dosing
- For adults: The usual dose is 400 mg once daily or 200 mg every 12 hours, depending on the severity of the infection.
- For children: The dose is typically based on body weight, and the suspension form is often used. The recommended dose for children is 8 mg/kg/day, either as a single dose or divided into two doses every 12 hours.
- For gonorrhea: A single dose of 400 mg is usually prescribed for uncomplicated gonorrhea.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Otitis media (middle ear infection)
- Pharyngitis and tonsillitis
- Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
- Uncomplicated gonorrhea (cervical/urethral)
Who Shouldn't Take Suprax?
- Hypersensitivity to cefixime, other cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation.
- Allergy to penicillins, as cross-reactivity can occur in some cases.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Suprax with or without food, but taking it with food can help reduce stomach upset.
- Shake the oral suspension well before each use to ensure the medication is evenly mixed.
- Complete the full course of antibiotics, even if you start feeling better, to ensure the infection is fully cleared and to prevent antibiotic resistance.
- Store the oral suspension in the refrigerator and discard any unused portion after 14 days.
- If you experience diarrhea, especially if it's severe or persistent, contact your doctor. This could be a sign of Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (a serious side effect of antibiotic use).
Side Effects of Suprax
Common Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
- Rash
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
- Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea: A serious form of diarrhea caused by antibiotic disruption of normal gut flora.
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome: A rare but serious skin reaction.
- Blood disorders: Changes in blood cell counts, such as low white blood cells or platelets.
Risks and Warnings of Suprax
- Allergic Reactions: Suprax should not be used in individuals who have a history of severe allergic reactions to cephalosporins or penicillins, as cross-reactivity is possible. Signs of an allergic reaction include rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
- Clostridioides difficile-associated Diarrhea (CDAD): Use of antibiotics like Suprax can alter the normal gut flora and lead to CDAD, which can be severe. If you experience persistent or severe diarrhea, seek medical attention immediately.
- Kidney Function: Suprax is eliminated by the kidneys, so patients with kidney impairment may need dose adjustments to avoid accumulation of the drug in the body, which can lead to toxicity.
Interactions with Suprax
Common Drug Interactions
- Probenecid: Can increase cefixime levels in the blood by reducing its renal clearance, leading to an increased risk of side effects.
- Oral anticoagulants (warfarin): Cephalosporins can increase the risk of bleeding by interfering with vitamin K synthesis, especially in patients taking warfarin or other anticoagulants.
- Live bacterial vaccines: Antibiotics may reduce the effectiveness of certain live bacterial vaccines, such as the typhoid vaccine.
Alternatives to Suprax
- Cefpodoxime (Vantin): Another third-generation cephalosporin used for similar infections.
- Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (Augmentin): A penicillin-type antibiotic used to treat a wide range of infections.
- Azithromycin (Zithromax): A macrolide antibiotic often used as an alternative for respiratory infections and sexually transmitted infections.
- Levofloxacin (Levaquin): A fluoroquinolone antibiotic used for various bacterial infections, including UTIs and respiratory infections.
