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Probenecid
Probenecid is a medication that helps your kidneys remove uric acid from your body. This can prevent gout, a type of arthritis caused by too much uric acid. It?s also used to increase the effectiveness of certain antibiotics. On the downside, it could increase uric acid levels in your urine, leading to kidney stones if you?re not careful.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can I stop taking Probenecid when my symptoms improve?
No, it's important to continue taking Probenecid as directed by your doctor to manage your gout effectively. Always discuss changes to your medication regime with your doctor first.
Can I take Probenecid if I have kidney disease?
No, if you have kidney disease, probenecid could cause additional complications. Always talk with your doctor before taking new medications.
Does Probenecid cause weight gain?
While it's rare, some people have reported weight gain while taking Probenecid. If this worries you, speak with your doctor.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
Don't panic. If it's close to time for your next dose, skip the one you missed and stay on your regular schedule. Don't double up on doses.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Probenecid Work?
Probenecid is a uricosuric agent and increases renal urate clearance by inhibiting the anion transport system in renal tubular cells, reducing the reabsorption of uric acid and increasing its excretion.
What is Probenecid Used For?
FDA indications: Probenecid is used to treat chronic gout and gouty arthritis. It's also used to increase the effectiveness of certain antibiotics in treating gonorrhea.
Offlabel uses: Although not officially approved for these uses, probenecid may also be used with other medications to treat familial Mediterranean fever and hyperuricemia secondary to tumor lysis syndrome.
Common Dosages
Tablets: 500mg
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- For FDAapproved indications:
- Chronic gout and gouty arthritis: Start at 250mg twice daily for a week, then increase to 500mg twice daily. Max dose: 2g per day.
- Gonorrhea: 1g orally taken once, given with suitable antibiotics.
Off-Label Uses
- For offlabel uses:
- Familial Mediterranean fever: 500mg to 2g per day, in divided doses.
- Hyperuricemia secondary to tumor lysis syndrome: 500mg to 2g per day, in divided doses.
Who Shouldn't Take Probenecid?
- If you have blood disorders such as aplastic anemia, or high levels of uric acid in the urine (causing kidney stones).
- If you are currently having a gout attack.
- If you have kidney disease, a stomach ulcer, or a history of kidney stones.
- If you are going to have surgery, including dental surgery.
- If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, or if you are breastfeeding.
- If you are taking certain medications such as aspirin, probenecid may not be suitable for you.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Don?t use this medicine during a gout attack; it can make the attack worse.
- Drink plenty of water while taking probenecid to prevent kidney stones.
- Be sure to take this medicine after meals to reduce stomach upset.
- Don?t stop this medicine abruptly or without consulting your doctor; doing so might trigger a gout attack.
- It?s essential to have regular blood tests while on this medication to ensure it?s working properly.
- Limit alcohol as drinking it may increase the risk of forming kidney stones.
- Keep all your doctor's appointments and get regular checkups.
Side Effects of Probenecid
Common Side Effects
- You might get an upset stomach or lose your appetite.
- You might find you?re getting headaches.
- Other possible side effects are flushing, hair loss, or dizziness.
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Rare side effects:
- You might get a skin rash or itchiness.
- Bloody urine can occur in rare cases.
- Severe side effects:
- Unusual weight gain.
- Swelling of ankles or feet.
- Shortness of breath or cough.
- Serious allergic reactions like rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, or trouble breathing require immediate medical attention.
Risks and Warnings of Probenecid
- Probenecid may not be suitable if you have blood disorders, high levels of uric acid in urine, or kidney disease.
- If you're pregnant, planning to get pregnant, or breastfeeding, have a chat with your doctor before starting this medication.
- Avoid using during a gout attack; it may worsen the situation.
- If you?re allergic to Probenecid or any other ingredients in the medication, don?t take it.
Interactions with Probenecid
Common Drug Interactions
- Aspirin
- Acetaminophen
- Indomethacin
- Ketoprofen
- Diclofenac
- Celecoxib
- Antacids
Alternatives to Probenecid
- Allopurinol
- Febuxostat
- Colchicine
- Sulfinpyrazone
