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cloBAZam
Clobazam is a benzodiazepine used primarily to treat seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) in children and adults. It is known for its anticonvulsant properties, which help manage seizure disorders by enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Clobazam is often prescribed when other medications fail to provide adequate seizure control. In addition to treating seizures, it is sometimes used off-label for anxiety disorders, although its primary use remains for epilepsy.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Clobazam to work?
Clobazam begins working relatively quickly, with effects noticeable within hours. However, it may take several days to weeks of consistent use to achieve optimal seizure control.
Can Clobazam cause addiction?
Yes, Clobazam can lead to physical dependence, particularly with long-term use. It’s important to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and avoid abruptly stopping the medication to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
Is Clobazam safe for long-term use?
While Clobazam is effective for long-term seizure control, its use should be regularly reviewed by your healthcare provider due to the risks of dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal. Long-term use should be monitored carefully.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Clobazam?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s close to your next scheduled dose. Never double up on doses. If you’re unsure, consult your healthcare provider.
Can Clobazam be used in children?
Yes, Clobazam is commonly prescribed for children aged 2 and older to treat Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. The dose is adjusted based on the child’s weight and response to treatment.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does cloBAZam Work?
Clobazam enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability in the brain. By enhancing GABA's effect, Clobazam helps to stabilize neuronal activity and prevent abnormal electrical activity that leads to seizures. Its action on GABA receptors also contributes to its sedative and anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) properties.
What is cloBAZam Used For?
Common Dosages
- Tablets: 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg
- Oral Suspension: 2.5 mg/mL
Typical Dosing
- For seizures (Lennox-Gastaut syndrome): The starting dose is typically 5 mg once daily, which may be gradually increased based on response and tolerability. The maximum recommended dose for adults is 40 mg per day, divided into two doses.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
Seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) in children aged 2 years and older, as well as adults.
Off-Label Uses
Pediatric Dosing
The starting dose is based on body weight, and dosage adjustments are made gradually.
Who Shouldn't Take cloBAZam?
- Hypersensitivity to clobazam or other benzodiazepines
- Severe liver disease
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Clobazam exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not adjust the dose or stop taking the medication without consulting your doctor, as doing so may lead to withdrawal symptoms or increased seizure activity.
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s close to the time for your next dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
- Avoid consuming alcohol or other central nervous system (CNS) depressants while taking Clobazam, as this may increase the risk of sedation and respiratory depression.
- Clobazam may cause drowsiness or dizziness. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
Side Effects of cloBAZam
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Difficulty concentrating
- Increased salivation
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
- Suicidal thoughts or behaviors
- Respiratory depression (especially in individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions)
- Dependence or withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation
Risks and Warnings of cloBAZam
- Dependence and Withdrawal: Clobazam is a benzodiazepine and has the potential to cause physical and psychological dependence. Long-term use may lead to tolerance, and abrupt discontinuation can result in withdrawal symptoms such as seizures, anxiety, and insomnia. Always taper the dose under medical supervision if discontinuing the medication.
- Suicidal Thoughts: As with other anticonvulsant medications, Clobazam may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behaviors. Patients should be monitored for any changes in mood, behavior, or the emergence of depressive symptoms.
- Respiratory Depression: Clobazam can cause respiratory depression, especially when combined with other CNS depressants like opioids, alcohol, or sedatives. Caution is advised in patients with pre-existing respiratory conditions.
Interactions with cloBAZam
Common Drug Interactions
- Opioids: Combining Clobazam with opioids increases the risk of sedation, respiratory depression, and overdose.
- Alcohol and CNS Depressants: Alcohol and other CNS depressants can enhance the sedative effects of Clobazam, leading to increased drowsiness or respiratory issues.
- Anticonvulsants: Clobazam may interact with other anticonvulsants, such as valproic acid or phenytoin, affecting blood levels of these medications.
Alternatives to cloBAZam
- Diazepam (Valium): Another benzodiazepine used for seizure control, anxiety, and muscle spasms.
- Lorazepam (Ativan): A benzodiazepine that can be used for acute seizure management and anxiety disorders.
- Clonazepam (Klonopin): A long-acting benzodiazepine used for managing seizures and panic disorders.
- Levetiracetam (Keppra): A non-benzodiazepine anticonvulsant used for various types of seizures.
- Lamotrigine (Lamictal): Another anticonvulsant commonly used for seizure control in various epileptic disorders.
