Chlorthalidone

• Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): To lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney problems.
• Edema: Associated with heart failure, kidney disease, liver cirrhosis, and certain medications such as corticosteroids or estrogen.

It's also been used off-label for calcium-containing kidney stones prevention due to its uricosuric effect.

• Kidney stones prevention: 25mg once daily.

• Pediatric dosing of chlorthalidone depends on the condition it's being used for and the child's weight. Always follow the doctor's instructions.
• Children may need a lower dose than adults, depending on their weight and the nature of their symptoms.
• Be aware that the effects of chlorthalidone in children, especially infants, are not as well-studied. Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is recommended.

• Hypersensitivity to chlorthalidone or other sulfonamide-derived drugs.
• Severe kidney disease or anuria (inability to urinate).
• Severe electrolyte imbalances (e.g., low potassium or sodium levels).

• Take the medication in the morning to prevent nighttime urination and disruption of sleep.
• Stay hydrated but be cautious of excessive fluid loss, especially in hot weather or with excessive sweating.
• Monitor for signs of electrolyte imbalances, such as muscle cramps, weakness, or irregular heartbeat. A healthcare provider may order periodic blood tests to monitor electrolyte levels.
• Inform their healthcare provider if they experience symptoms of low potassium (hypokalemia), such as muscle weakness or fatigue. Potassium supplements or a potassium-rich diet (e.g., bananas, oranges) may be recommended.
• Avoid alcohol, which can increase the risk of low blood pressure (hypotension) and dizziness.
• Report any significant dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting, especially upon standing, as Chlorthalidone can cause orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure when standing up).

• Frequent urination (particularly in the first few weeks)
• Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up
• Dehydration
• Low potassium levels (hypokalemia)
• Low sodium levels (hyponatremia)
• Increased blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia)
• Increased cholesterol or triglyceride levels

• Severe Electrolyte Imbalance: Symptoms include muscle weakness, confusion, and irregular heartbeats.
• Severe Dehydration: Symptoms include extreme thirst, dry mouth, or infrequent urination.
• Pancreatitis: In rare cases, Chlorthalidone can cause inflammation of the pancreas.
• Kidney Problems: Chlorthalidone can worsen kidney function in some individuals, particularly those with pre-existing kidney conditions.

• Electrolyte Imbalances: Chlorthalidone can cause low levels of potassium, sodium, and magnesium, as well as increased calcium levels. Patients should be monitored for signs of electrolyte imbalance, particularly if they are also taking other medications like digoxin or corticosteroids.
• Dehydration: Excessive loss of water and electrolytes can lead to dehydration, particularly in elderly patients or those with other medical conditions. It’s important to maintain proper hydration while taking Chlorthalidone.
• Blood Sugar: Chlorthalidone can raise blood sugar levels, so diabetic patients may need to monitor their blood sugar more frequently while on this medication.
• Increased Cholesterol: Chlorthalidone can increase cholesterol and triglyceride levels over time. Regular lipid monitoring may be necessary for patients taking this medication long-term.

• Other Antihypertensives: The effects of blood pressure-lowering drugs may be enhanced, leading to an increased risk of hypotension.
• NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen): May reduce the effectiveness of Chlorthalidone and worsen kidney function.
• Corticosteroids: Can increase the risk of electrolyte imbalances, particularly low potassium levels.
• Lithium: May increase lithium levels in the blood, leading to toxicity.
• Diabetes Medications: Chlorthalidone can increase blood sugar levels, potentially reducing the effectiveness of medications like insulin or oral diabetes drugs.

• Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ): A thiazide diuretic with a similar mechanism of action but shorter duration.
• Furosemide (Lasix): A loop diuretic used for more severe fluid retention.
• Spironolactone (Aldactone): A potassium-sparing diuretic, often used in combination with other diuretics.
• ACE Inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril): For lowering blood pressure, often used in combination with diuretics.