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Zyflo
Zyflo (zileuton) is a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor used for the prevention and management of chronic asthma. By inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, Zyflo reduces the formation of leukotrienes, which are substances in the body that cause inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production in the lungs. Zyflo is typically prescribed for long-term asthma control and is not intended for the immediate relief of asthma attacks.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can Zyflo be used to treat an asthma attack?
No, Zyflo is not a rescue medication. It is used for the long-term control of asthma and will not help during an acute asthma attack. You should always carry a rescue inhaler (such as albuterol) for sudden symptoms.
How long does it take for Zyflo to start working?
It may take several weeks of regular use before you notice an improvement in your asthma symptoms. It is important to continue taking Zyflo as prescribed, even if you are not experiencing immediate benefits.
Can I take Zyflo if I have liver problems?
Zyflo is not recommended for patients with active liver disease or elevated liver enzymes, as it can increase the risk of liver damage. Your doctor will monitor your liver function while you are on Zyflo to ensure it is safe to continue the medication.
Do I need regular blood tests while taking Zyflo?
Yes, you will need regular blood tests to monitor liver function while taking Zyflo, as the medication can elevate liver enzymes and cause liver damage in some patients.
Can Zyflo interact with other asthma medications?
Yes, Zyflo can interact with other asthma medications such as theophylline. If you are taking multiple medications for asthma, your doctor may need to adjust the doses to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Zyflo Work?
Zyflo works by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, which is responsible for converting arachidonic acid into leukotrienes. Leukotrienes are inflammatory mediators that cause bronchoconstriction, increased mucus production, and airway inflammation in asthma patients. By blocking leukotriene production, Zyflo helps reduce the frequency and severity of asthma symptoms.
Common Dosages
- Immediate-release tablets: 600 mg
- Extended-release tablets (Zyflo CR): 600 mg
Typical Dosing
- For chronic asthma, the recommended dose of Zyflo (immediate-release) is 600 mg taken four times daily.
- For Zyflo CR (extended-release), the typical dose is 1200 mg (two 600 mg tablets) taken twice daily.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Chronic asthma in adults and children aged 12 years and older
Who Shouldn't Take Zyflo?
- Active liver disease or elevated liver enzymes
- Known hypersensitivity to zileuton or any of the ingredients in the formulation
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Zyflo is not intended for the relief of acute asthma attacks. Always carry a rescue inhaler for sudden symptoms.
- You will need regular blood tests to monitor liver function while taking Zyflo, as the medication may cause liver enzyme elevations.
- Take Zyflo with or without food, but try to take it at the same time every day to maintain consistent levels of the medication in your body.
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it is close to your next scheduled dose. Do not double the dose.
Side Effects of Zyflo
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Upper respiratory infections
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Elevated liver enzymes or liver damage
- Allergic reactions (rash, hives, swelling)
Risks and Warnings of Zyflo
- Liver Toxicity: Zyflo has been associated with liver enzyme elevations and potential liver damage. Liver function should be tested regularly, and the drug should be discontinued if liver enzyme levels become significantly elevated.
- Neuropsychiatric Events: Although rare, some patients taking Zyflo have reported changes in mood or behavior, including depression and suicidal thoughts. Any changes in mood should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately.
Interactions with Zyflo
Common Drug Interactions
- Theophylline: Zyflo may increase the levels of theophylline, a medication used for asthma, leading to an increased risk of side effects. Monitoring and possible dose adjustments are needed.
- Warfarin: Zyflo may increase the effects of warfarin, a blood thinner, raising the risk of bleeding. Patients taking both medications should have their blood clotting times (INR) monitored closely.
- Beta-blockers: The effectiveness of beta-blockers, which are used for high blood pressure or heart conditions, may be reduced when taken with Zyflo.
Alternatives to Zyflo
- Montelukast (Singulair): A leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma and allergic rhinitis, typically taken once daily.
- Zafirlukast (Accolate): Another leukotriene receptor antagonist that is used to prevent asthma symptoms.
- Inhaled corticosteroids: Commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation and manage asthma long-term.
