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Zafirlukast
Zafirlukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used to manage asthma. It helps prevent asthma symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness by blocking leukotrienes, substances that cause inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production in asthma patients. Zafirlukast is used for the long-term management of asthma but is not indicated for the treatment of acute asthma attacks.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Zafirlukast to work?
Zafirlukast usually begins to reduce asthma symptoms within a few days, but it may take 1 to 2 weeks for full effects. It is important to take it regularly to prevent asthma symptoms from worsening.
Can I stop taking Zafirlukast once my asthma is under control?
No, Zafirlukast is used for the long-term management of asthma, and stopping it without consulting your healthcare provider may lead to worsening asthma symptoms. Continue taking it as prescribed.
Can I take Zafirlukast with food?
No, Zafirlukast should be taken on an empty stomach (1 hour before or 2 hours after meals) to ensure proper absorption.
Is Zafirlukast safe for children?
Yes, Zafirlukast is approved for use in children aged 5 years and older for the treatment of asthma. The dosage will be adjusted based on the child's age and condition.
Can Zafirlukast cause liver problems?
Yes, Zafirlukast can cause liver enzyme elevations and, in rare cases, liver damage. Your doctor may monitor liver function tests during treatment, and you should report any symptoms of liver issues, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, to your healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Zafirlukast Work?
Zafirlukast works by blocking the effects of leukotrienes, chemicals in the body that cause inflammation and bronchoconstriction in the lungs. By preventing leukotrienes from binding to their receptors, Zafirlukast reduces inflammation, relaxes the airways, and decreases mucus production, leading to improved breathing and fewer asthma symptoms.
Common Dosages
- 10 mg tablets (for pediatric patients)
- 20 mg tablets (for adults)
Typical Dosing
- The typical dose for adults is 20 mg twice daily, taken on an empty stomach (either 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals).
- For children aged 5 to 11 years, the usual dose is 10 mg twice daily.
- Zafirlukast should be taken regularly, even when asthma symptoms are not present, to help prevent flare-ups.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in adults and children aged 5 years and older.
Who Shouldn't Take Zafirlukast?
- Known hypersensitivity to zafirlukast or any of its components
- Liver disease, such as hepatitis or cirrhosis, due to the potential for liver-related side effects
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Zafirlukast twice daily, on an empty stomach (1 hour before or 2 hours after meals) to ensure proper absorption.
- Zafirlukast is used for long-term control of asthma and should not be used for treating acute asthma attacks. Always carry a rescue inhaler for sudden symptoms.
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it’s close to your next dose. Do not take two doses at the same time.
- Be aware of any signs of liver problems, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or unexplained fatigue, and report these symptoms to your healthcare provider immediately.
Side Effects of Zafirlukast
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Stomach pain
- Weakness or fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Liver toxicity, with symptoms such as jaundice, dark urine, or abdominal pain
- Allergic reactions, including rash, swelling, and difficulty breathing
- Mood changes or depression, though rare, have been reported
Risks and Warnings of Zafirlukast
- Liver Toxicity: Zafirlukast has been associated with liver enzyme elevations and, in rare cases, liver failure. Regular monitoring of liver function tests may be necessary. Patients with pre-existing liver conditions should avoid this medication.
- Not for Acute Asthma Attacks: Zafirlukast is not a rescue medication and should not be used during an acute asthma attack. Always keep a short-acting bronchodilator (rescue inhaler) on hand for emergencies.
- Mood Changes: Some patients may experience mood changes, depression, or anxiety while taking zafirlukast. Notify your healthcare provider if you experience any mental health changes.
Interactions with Zafirlukast
Common Drug Interactions
- Warfarin: Zafirlukast can increase the effects of warfarin, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of INR levels is recommended.
- Erythromycin and Theophylline: These medications can decrease the effectiveness of zafirlukast. Your doctor may need to adjust your dose.
- Aspirin and NSAIDs: Some patients with asthma may have sensitivities to aspirin or NSAIDs. Talk to your doctor before using these medications with zafirlukast.
Alternatives to Zafirlukast
- Montelukast (Singulair): Another leukotriene receptor antagonist, commonly used for asthma and allergic rhinitis.
- Inhaled corticosteroids: Medications like fluticasone or budesonide are commonly used for long-term asthma control.
- Zileuton (Zyflo): Another leukotriene inhibitor that works by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for leukotriene production, used for chronic asthma management.
