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Zileuton ER
Zileuton ER is an extended-release leukotriene synthesis inhibitor used to manage asthma by reducing inflammation in the airways. It works by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, which is responsible for the production of leukotrienes, substances that contribute to inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production in asthma patients. Zileuton ER helps prevent asthma attacks and improve lung function but is not used for the treatment of acute asthma symptoms.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Zileuton ER to work?
Zileuton ER typically begins to reduce asthma symptoms within a few days to a week, but full benefits may take several weeks to become noticeable.
Can I take Zileuton ER if I drink alcohol?
It’s best to avoid alcohol while taking Zileuton ER, as alcohol can increase the risk of liver toxicity.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Zileuton ER?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once.
Is Zileuton ER safe for children?
Zileuton ER is approved for use in children aged 12 years and older for the treatment of asthma. Always follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider.
Can I stop taking Zileuton ER once my asthma is under control?
You should not stop taking Zileuton ER without consulting your healthcare provider. Asthma is a chronic condition, and this medication helps manage symptoms over the long term. Stopping suddenly may lead to worsening of asthma symptoms.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Zileuton ER Work?
Zileuton inhibits the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, which is essential in the synthesis of leukotrienes. Leukotrienes are inflammatory chemicals that cause narrowing and swelling of the airways in the lungs, contributing to asthma symptoms. By blocking leukotriene production, Zileuton helps reduce bronchoconstriction, inflammation, and mucus buildup, making breathing easier for asthma patients.
Common Dosages
- 600 mg extended-release tablets
Typical Dosing
- The typical dose for adults and children aged 12 years and older is one 600 mg tablet twice daily, with or without food.
- Regular monitoring of liver function is recommended while taking Zileuton ER, as it can affect liver enzymes.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in adults and children aged 12 years and older.
Who Shouldn't Take Zileuton ER?
- Active liver disease or elevated liver enzymes (ALT/AST greater than three times the upper limit of normal)
- Known hypersensitivity to zileuton or any components of the formulation
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Zileuton ER twice daily as prescribed, at the same time each day to maintain consistent levels of the medication in your body.
- Avoid consuming alcohol while taking Zileuton, as this can increase the risk of liver damage.
- Regular blood tests are needed to monitor liver function. Be sure to follow your doctor’s recommendations for these tests.
- Zileuton ER is used for the long-term management of asthma and is not intended for the relief of acute asthma attacks. Always have a rescue inhaler available for emergencies.
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it’s close to the time of your next dose. Do not double up doses.
Side Effects of Zileuton ER
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Upper respiratory tract infections
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Elevated liver enzymes (liver function changes)
- Liver damage (jaundice, dark urine, abdominal pain)
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Zileuton ER
- Liver Toxicity: Zileuton can cause liver enzyme elevations and potentially liver damage. Regular liver function tests are recommended to monitor for any changes. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience symptoms like yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or upper abdominal pain.
- Alcohol Use: Drinking alcohol can increase the risk of liver toxicity while taking Zileuton. It is recommended to limit or avoid alcohol consumption during treatment.
- Not for Acute Asthma Attacks: Zileuton is not a rescue medication and should not be used to treat acute asthma attacks. Patients should always carry a rescue inhaler for sudden asthma symptoms.
Interactions with Zileuton ER
Common Drug Interactions
- Warfarin: Zileuton may increase the effects of warfarin, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of blood clotting (INR) is recommended.
- Theophylline: Zileuton may increase the blood levels of theophylline, which can lead to toxicity. Dose adjustments of theophylline may be necessary.
- Propranolol: Zileuton can increase blood levels of propranolol, a beta-blocker, leading to enhanced effects or side effects. Your doctor may need to adjust the propranolol dosage.
Alternatives to Zileuton ER
- Montelukast (Singulair): A leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma and allergic rhinitis.
- Zafirlukast (Accolate): Another leukotriene receptor antagonist used for chronic asthma.
- Inhaled corticosteroids: Medications like fluticasone or budesonide are commonly used for long-term asthma control.
