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Vistaril
Vistaril (hydroxyzine) is an antihistamine with anxiolytic, sedative, and antiemetic properties. It is commonly prescribed to treat anxiety, tension, and allergic reactions such as itching and hives. Vistaril can also be used to control nausea and vomiting, and is sometimes given before or after surgery to help patients feel more relaxed. Additionally, it is used to manage symptoms of alcohol withdrawal and is often prescribed for short-term relief of insomnia.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Vistaril to work?
Vistaril usually starts working within 30 to 60 minutes after taking a dose, depending on the reason for use, with sedative effects occurring quickly.
Can I take Vistaril for long-term anxiety?
Vistaril is generally prescribed for short-term anxiety relief and may not be suitable for long-term management of anxiety disorders. It’s important to consult your doctor for long-term anxiety treatment options.
Can Vistaril be used for insomnia?
Yes, Vistaril is sometimes prescribed for short-term treatment of insomnia due to its sedative properties.
Is Vistaril habit-forming?
No, Vistaril is not considered habit-forming, and it is often prescribed as an alternative to benzodiazepines for anxiety or sleep because of its lower potential for abuse.
Can I take Vistaril with over-the-counter cold medicine?
You should use caution when combining Vistaril with other medications, especially cold medicines, as many cold and flu products contain antihistamines or sedatives that could increase drowsiness or cause other side effects.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Vistaril Work?
Vistaril works by blocking histamine receptors in the body, which helps reduce symptoms of allergic reactions, such as itching and swelling. It also affects certain brain chemicals (neurotransmitters like acetylcholine), providing sedative and calming effects that make it effective for anxiety and tension relief. Additionally, Vistaril’s antiemetic properties help control nausea and vomiting by affecting receptors in the vomiting center of the brain.
Common Dosages
- Capsules: 25 mg, 50 mg
- Tablets: 10 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg
- Syrup: 10 mg/5 mL
- Injection: Used in clinical settings
Typical Dosing
- For anxiety and tension: The usual adult dose is 50-100 mg taken 4 times daily.
- For itching and allergic reactions: The typical dose is 25 mg taken 3-4 times daily.
- For nausea and vomiting: The dose is typically 25-100 mg as needed.
- For sedation: A single dose of 50-100 mg is given before surgery.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis
- Allergic reactions (e.g., itching, hives, allergic skin conditions)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Sedation prior to or after surgery
- Symptomatic relief of alcohol withdrawal
Who Shouldn't Take Vistaril?
- Hypersensitivity to hydroxyzine or similar drugs, such as cetirizine or levocetirizine.
- Pregnancy (unless prescribed by a doctor, as it crosses the placenta).
- Prolonged QT interval or other serious heart rhythm problems.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Vistaril may cause drowsiness or dizziness, so avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how it affects you.
- Take Vistaril with or without food, but taking it with food may help prevent stomach upset.
- Avoid consuming alcohol while taking Vistaril, as it can enhance the sedative effects of the medication.
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Side Effects of Vistaril
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness or sedation
- Dry mouth
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Heart rhythm changes (QT prolongation)
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, hives, difficulty breathing)
- Confusion or hallucinations (especially in elderly patients)
Risks and Warnings of Vistaril
- QT Prolongation: Vistaril may cause prolongation of the QT interval, leading to heart rhythm disturbances. This is particularly risky for patients with pre-existing heart conditions or those taking medications that affect the QT interval.
- Sedation and Drowsiness: Vistaril causes significant drowsiness in most patients, so caution is advised when performing tasks that require alertness.
- Use in the Elderly: Elderly patients may be more susceptible to the sedative effects of Vistaril and may be at higher risk for confusion or falls.
Interactions with Vistaril
Common Drug Interactions
- CNS depressants: Combining Vistaril with other sedative medications, such as benzodiazepines, opioids, or alcohol, can increase sedation and respiratory depression.
- Anticholinergic drugs: Vistaril can enhance the anticholinergic side effects of other medications, such as dry mouth, constipation, and blurred vision.
- QT-prolonging medications: Medications that prolong the QT interval (e.g., certain antipsychotics, antiarrhythmics) may increase the risk of serious heart problems when used with Vistaril.
Alternatives to Vistaril
- Benadryl (diphenhydramine): Another first-generation antihistamine with similar sedative and anti-allergic properties, used for allergies, sleep aid, and nausea.
- Atarax (hydroxyzine hydrochloride): A related form of hydroxyzine, also used for anxiety, allergies, and sedation.
- Lorazepam (Ativan): A benzodiazepine used for anxiety that provides quicker relief but has a higher risk of dependence compared to Vistaril.
