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Uroxatral
Uroxatral (generic name: alfuzosin) is a prescription medication used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition commonly referred to as an enlarged prostate. It helps relieve urinary symptoms such as difficulty starting urination, weak stream, and the need to urinate frequently or urgently. Uroxatral belongs to a class of medications called alpha-blockers, which relax the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck, improving urine flow and reducing symptoms of BPH.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Uroxatral to work?
Most patients experience improvement in urinary symptoms within a few days to a week of starting Uroxatral. Full benefits may take up to 4 weeks.
Can Uroxatral be used for high blood pressure?
Uroxatral is primarily used to treat BPH and is not indicated for high blood pressure. However, because it relaxes blood vessels, it may cause a reduction in blood pressure.
Can Uroxatral be taken with food?
Yes, Uroxatral should always be taken with food, specifically after the same meal each day, to ensure consistent absorption and reduce the risk of side effects like low blood pressure.
Can Uroxatral cause sexual side effects?
Uroxatral may cause ejaculatory problems, such as reduced semen volume or delayed ejaculation. Additionally, a rare but serious side effect is priapism (a prolonged, painful erection), which requires immediate medical attention.
Is Uroxatral safe for long-term use?
Yes, Uroxatral is generally considered safe for long-term use to manage BPH symptoms. However, regular check-ups with your healthcare provider are recommended to monitor your condition and adjust the treatment if necessary.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Uroxatral Work?
Uroxatral works by blocking alpha-1 adrenergic receptors in the smooth muscle of the prostate and bladder neck. By inhibiting these receptors, Uroxatral causes the muscles to relax, improving urine flow and reducing symptoms such as weak stream, difficulty starting urination, and frequent urination. It does not reduce the size of the prostate but helps alleviate symptoms of obstruction.
Common Dosages
- 10 mg extended-release tablets.
Typical Dosing
- The usual recommended dose of Uroxatral is one 10 mg tablet once daily, taken after the same meal each day (usually after dinner or a substantial meal).
- The extended-release tablet should be swallowed whole—do not crush, chew, or break it.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in adult men.
Who Shouldn't Take Uroxatral?
- Severe liver impairment.
- Hypersensitivity to alfuzosin or any component of the medication.
- Concurrent use of potent CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir), as this may increase the risk of serious side effects.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Uroxatral exactly as prescribed, after the same meal each day to ensure consistent absorption and effectiveness.
- Do not crush, chew, or break the tablets, as this can interfere with the extended-release properties.
- Be cautious when standing up from a sitting or lying position, especially when starting treatment, as Uroxatral can cause dizziness or fainting due to orthostatic hypotension (a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up).
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s close to your next dose. Do not take two doses at once.
- Store Uroxatral at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
Side Effects of Uroxatral
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Upper respiratory infections
- Stomach pain or indigestion
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe hypotension (extremely low blood pressure), especially when starting treatment or increasing the dose.
- Priapism (prolonged or painful erection), which is a medical emergency and requires immediate attention.
- Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing).
Risks and Warnings of Uroxatral
- Orthostatic Hypotension: Uroxatral can cause a significant drop in blood pressure, particularly when standing up quickly. This can result in dizziness, fainting, or falls. To minimize this effect, stand up slowly and avoid sudden movements.
- Liver Impairment: Uroxatral is not recommended in patients with severe liver impairment, as it is extensively metabolized by the liver. Dose adjustments may be needed in patients with mild to moderate liver disease.
- Heart Problems: Although rare, Uroxatral may cause QT prolongation, a condition that affects the heart's electrical activity. Patients with heart conditions should be monitored closely.
- Use with Caution in Cataract Surgery: Uroxatral can cause intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) during cataract surgery. If you are planning to undergo eye surgery, inform your ophthalmologist that you are taking this medication.
Interactions with Uroxatral
Common Drug Interactions
- CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, ritonavir, clarithromycin): These medications can increase the concentration of Uroxatral in the bloodstream, increasing the risk of side effects like low blood pressure.
- Blood pressure-lowering medications: Uroxatral can enhance the effects of antihypertensive drugs, leading to an increased risk of hypotension. Careful monitoring is required when combining these medications.
- PDE5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil, tadalafil): These medications can also lower blood pressure, and combining them with Uroxatral increases the risk of hypotension and dizziness.
Alternatives to Uroxatral
- Tamsulosin (Flomax): Another alpha-blocker used for the treatment of BPH symptoms, often preferred due to its selectivity for alpha-1 receptors in the prostate.
- Doxazosin (Cardura): Another alpha-blocker used for BPH, as well as for high blood pressure.
- Finasteride (Proscar): A 5-alpha reductase inhibitor that reduces the size of the prostate, rather than just relieving symptoms.
- Tadalafil (Cialis): Approved for both erectile dysfunction and BPH, it helps improve urinary symptoms by relaxing smooth muscle.