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Tiazac
Tiazac (generic name: diltiazem hydrochloride) is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and chronic stable angina (chest pain). It works by relaxing the blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood and reducing the oxygen demand of the heart muscles. Tiazac helps lower blood pressure and reduce the frequency of angina episodes, improving heart function and reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Tiazac to lower blood pressure?
Tiazac may start lowering blood pressure within a few hours of the first dose, but it can take 1 to 2 weeks to see the full effect.
Can I take Tiazac if I have heart failure?
Tiazac should be used with caution in patients with heart failure. Your doctor will closely monitor your heart function while on this medication.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Tiazac?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one at the regular time. Do not double the dose.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Tiazac?
You should avoid or limit alcohol while taking Tiazac, as alcohol can lower your blood pressure and increase the risk of dizziness or fainting.
Can Tiazac cause weight gain?
Tiazac may cause swelling (edema), particularly in the ankles or feet, which could lead to temporary weight gain. If you notice significant or persistent swelling, consult your healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Tiazac Work?
Tiazac works by blocking calcium ions from entering the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. By preventing calcium from entering these cells, Tiazac helps to relax and widen blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and reducing the workload on the heart. This action also helps reduce angina by decreasing the heart's oxygen demand.
Common Dosages
- 120 mg
- 180 mg
- 240 mg
- 300 mg
- 360 mg
- 420 mg
Typical Dosing
- For hypertension: The usual starting dose is 180 mg to 240 mg once daily, with the dose adjusted based on response. The maximum recommended dose is 420 mg per day.
- For angina: The typical dose ranges from 120 mg to 360 mg daily, depending on the severity of symptoms.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
- Chronic stable angina (chest pain)
- Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (off-label)
Who Shouldn't Take Tiazac?
- Severe hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Severe heart failure
- Sick sinus syndrome or AV block (without a pacemaker)
- Known hypersensitivity to diltiazem
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Tiazac once daily, usually in the morning. It can be taken with or without food, but consistency is important.
- Do not crush or chew the capsules, as this may interfere with the extended-release mechanism.
- Monitor your blood pressure regularly to ensure Tiazac is effectively controlling it. Your healthcare provider may adjust the dose based on your response.
- Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, as they can interact with Tiazac and increase the risk of side effects.
Side Effects of Tiazac
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fatigue
- Swelling in the ankles or feet (edema)
- Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe low blood pressure (hypotension)
- Heart failure
- Liver dysfunction
- Severe allergic reactions (swelling, rash, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Tiazac
- Heart Failure Risk: Tiazac can worsen symptoms of heart failure. Patients with a history of heart failure should be monitored closely.
- Low Blood Pressure: Tiazac can cause severe hypotension, particularly when combined with other blood pressure-lowering medications. Dizziness or fainting may occur, especially when standing up too quickly.
- Bradycardia and Heart Block: Tiazac can cause slow heart rates or heart block, especially in patients with underlying heart conditions. Regular monitoring is advised.
Interactions with Tiazac
Common Drug Interactions
- Beta-blockers: Combining Tiazac with beta-blockers (e.g., metoprolol, propranolol) may lead to an increased risk of bradycardia or heart block.
- Digoxin: Tiazac can increase the levels of digoxin, a medication used for heart conditions, potentially leading to toxicity.
- CYP3A4 inhibitors: Medications like ketoconazole and ritonavir can increase the concentration of Tiazac, increasing the risk of side effects.
Alternatives to Tiazac
- Amlodipine (Norvasc): Another calcium channel blocker used for hypertension and angina.
- Verapamil: Another non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with similar uses for heart conditions.
- Lisinopril (Zestril): An ACE inhibitor commonly used to treat high blood pressure.
- Metoprolol (Lopressor): A beta-blocker used to treat hypertension and angina.
