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dilTIAZem HCl
dilTIAZem HCl is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), angina (chest pain), and certain types of arrhythmias. It works by relaxing the muscles of the heart and blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood and helping to control abnormal heart rhythms. It is commonly prescribed to manage blood pressure, reduce the frequency of chest pain, and prevent complications such as stroke or heart attack.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for dilTIAZem to start working?
The effects of dilTIAZem in lowering blood pressure and controlling heart rate usually begin within 30 minutes to 1 hour for immediate-release forms. For extended-release forms, it may take 24 hours to see full effects.
Can I stop taking dilTIAZem suddenly?
No, stopping dilTIAZem suddenly can lead to a rebound increase in blood pressure or worsening of chest pain. Always consult your healthcare provider before discontinuing.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is close to the time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at once to make up for a missed dose.
Can I drink alcohol while taking dilTIAZem?
It is best to limit alcohol consumption while taking dilTIAZem, as alcohol can increase the risk of dizziness and low blood pressure.
Is dilTIAZem safe for long-term use?
Yes, dilTIAZem is commonly used for long-term management of hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias, but regular monitoring by your healthcare provider is important to ensure it remains effective and to manage any potential side effects.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does dilTIAZem HCl Work?
dilTIAZem works by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. This reduces the force of the heart's contractions and relaxes the blood vessels, resulting in lower blood pressure and reduced workload on the heart. It also helps to slow down the electrical conduction of the heart, controlling abnormal heart rhythms.
What is dilTIAZem HCl Used For?
- Hypertension
- Angina pectoris (chronic stable and vasospastic)
- Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter
- Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
Common Dosages
dilTIAZem HCl is available in the following forms and strengths:
- Tablets: 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg, 120 mg
- Extended-release capsules: 120 mg, 180 mg, 240 mg, 300 mg, 360 mg
- Injectable solution: 5 mg/mL
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- For hypertension, the typical starting dose is 180 mg to 240 mg once daily for extended-release forms. Dosages may be adjusted depending on response and tolerability.
- For angina, the usual dose is 30 mg to 60 mg three to four times daily for immediate-release tablets.
- For arrhythmias, the dose varies based on the specific condition, with doses adjusted to maintain heart rate control.
Who Shouldn't Take dilTIAZem HCl?
dilTIAZem HCl should not be used in individuals with:
- Severe hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Sick sinus syndrome or 2nd- or 3rd-degree AV block (without a pacemaker)
- Acute myocardial infarction with pulmonary congestion
- Known hypersensitivity to dilTIAZem
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take dilTIAZem HCl with or without food, but try to take it at the same time every day for consistent blood levels.
- Do not crush or chew extended-release capsules; they should be swallowed whole.
- If you experience dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting, contact your healthcare provider, as this could indicate low blood pressure.
- Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice while taking dilTIAZem, as it can increase the risk of side effects by raising drug levels in the blood.
Side Effects of dilTIAZem HCl
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fatigue
- Swelling in the hands, ankles, or feet (edema)
- Nausea
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
- Severe hypotension
- Heart failure exacerbation
- Liver dysfunction
Risks and Warnings of dilTIAZem HCl
Heart Failure: dilTIAZem can worsen heart failure in some patients by reducing the heart’s ability to pump blood. Monitoring for symptoms like shortness of breath or swelling is important.
Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): dilTIAZem can cause a significant drop in blood pressure, especially in patients already taking other antihypertensive medications.
Bradycardia: The drug may cause a slow heart rate, especially in patients with pre-existing conduction abnormalities.
Interactions with dilTIAZem HCl
Common Drug Interactions
- Beta-blockers: Concomitant use of dilTIAZem and beta-blockers (e.g., atenolol, metoprolol) can increase the risk of bradycardia and heart failure.
- Digoxin: dilTIAZem can increase digoxin levels, raising the risk of toxicity.
- CYP3A4 inhibitors: Drugs like ketoconazole and erythromycin may increase dilTIAZem levels, leading to enhanced effects and side effects.
- Statins: Co-administration with statins (e.g., simvastatin) may increase the risk of myopathy.
Alternatives to dilTIAZem HCl
- Amlodipine (Norvasc): A calcium channel blocker used for hypertension and angina, typically with fewer side effects related to heart rate.
- Verapamil: Another calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias.
- Beta-blockers (e.g., metoprolol): Used for similar conditions, especially in cases where heart rate control is essential.
- ACE inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril): Commonly prescribed for hypertension and heart failure.
