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Minitran
Minitran is a transdermal patch that contains nitroglycerin, a medication used to prevent chest pain (angina) in people with coronary artery disease. Nitroglycerin belongs to a class of drugs called nitrates, which work by relaxing blood vessels and improving blood flow to the heart, reducing the workload on the heart and preventing episodes of angina. Minitran is used as a preventive treatment and is not intended to relieve chest pain once it occurs. The patch delivers a controlled amount of nitroglycerin over time to help maintain stable blood flow to the heart.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Minitran to start working?
Minitran works gradually as the patch delivers nitroglycerin into the bloodstream over a period of 12-14 hours. It is designed for the prevention of angina, not for quick relief of chest pain.
Can I wear the Minitran patch 24 hours a day?
No, Minitran should be worn for 12-14 hours each day, followed by a patch-free interval of 10-12 hours to prevent tolerance. Wearing the patch continuously can make it less effective over time.
What should I do if I miss a dose or forget to apply the patch?
If you forget to apply the patch at your usual time, apply it as soon as you remember. If it's close to your next scheduled application, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not apply two patches to make up for a missed dose.
Can I take pain relievers for headaches caused by Minitran?
Yes, over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen can be used to relieve headaches associated with Minitran. However, if headaches are persistent or severe, consult your healthcare provider for advice.
Can I shower or swim while wearing the Minitran patch?
Yes, you can shower or swim while wearing the Minitran patch. The patch is designed to remain in place during water exposure. However, avoid prolonged soaking in hot water, as heat can increase the absorption of nitroglycerin.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Minitran Work?
Minitran works by releasing nitroglycerin, which is converted to nitric oxide in the body. Nitric oxide relaxes and dilates blood vessels, allowing more blood and oxygen to reach the heart. This reduces the heart's workload and helps prevent the chest pain associated with angina. By keeping blood vessels dilated, Minitran helps ensure adequate blood flow to the heart during physical activity or stress.
Common Dosages
- 0.1 mg/hour
- 0.2 mg/hour
- 0.4 mg/hour
- 0.6 mg/hour
- 0.8 mg/hour
Typical Dosing
- The typical starting dose for Minitran is 0.2 to 0.4 mg/hour, applied once daily. The patch is usually worn for 12 to 14 hours each day, followed by a patch-free period of 10 to 12 hours to prevent tolerance to the medication.
- The patch is applied to a clean, dry, and hairless area of the upper body or upper arm and should be rotated to a different site with each application.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Minitran is FDA-approved for the prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease. It is not intended for the immediate relief of acute chest pain.
Who Shouldn't Take Minitran?
- Severe anemia
- Increased intracranial pressure or head trauma
- A history of allergic reaction to nitroglycerin or other nitrates
- PDE5 inhibitors (such as sildenafil, tadalafil, or vardenafil) due to the risk of severe hypotension
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Apply the Minitran patch to a clean, dry, and hairless area on your upper body or arm. Avoid placing it on areas of irritated or broken skin.
- Rotate application sites to avoid skin irritation. Do not apply the patch to the same spot for consecutive days.
- Remove the patch after 12-14 hours to allow for a nitrate-free period to prevent tolerance. Follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding when to apply and remove the patch.
- Avoid abrupt discontinuation of Minitran, as this could cause a rebound effect and increase the risk of angina.
- Store the patches at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
Side Effects of Minitran
Common Side Effects
- Headache (often occurs when starting treatment but usually improves over time)
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Skin irritation at the patch site
- Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Fainting or severe dizziness
- Irregular heartbeat
- Severe skin rash or allergic reaction
Risks and Warnings of Minitran
- Hypotension: Nitroglycerin can cause a significant drop in blood pressure, especially when used with other vasodilators or PDE5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil). Patients should be monitored for signs of hypotension, such as dizziness or fainting.
- Tolerance: Prolonged use of nitrates can lead to tolerance, where the drug becomes less effective. To prevent this, a nitrate-free interval (patch-off period) is necessary each day.
- Headaches: Headaches are a common side effect of nitrates, particularly when starting treatment. They usually decrease over time but may require adjustments in dosing if severe.
Interactions with Minitran
Common Drug Interactions
- PDE5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil): Combining nitrates with these medications can cause a dangerous drop in blood pressure. Minitran should not be used with these medications.
- Antihypertensive medications: Using Minitran with blood pressure medications (such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or ACE inhibitors) can increase the risk of low blood pressure.
- Alcohol: Drinking alcohol while using Minitran can enhance the blood-pressure-lowering effects of nitroglycerin, leading to dizziness or fainting.
Alternatives to Minitran
- Nitro-Dur: Another transdermal nitroglycerin patch used to prevent angina.
- Imdur (isosorbide mononitrate): A long-acting oral nitrate used to prevent angina.
- Nitrostat: A nitroglycerin tablet for the treatment of acute chest pain (angina) but not for prevention.
- Ranexa (ranolazine): A medication used to treat chronic angina that works through a different mechanism than nitrates.
