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Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF
Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF (Preservative-Free) is a combination ophthalmic solution used to treat elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It combines dorzolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, and timolol, a beta-blocker. The PF (Preservative-Free) formulation is designed for patients who are sensitive to preservatives, providing effective pressure reduction in the eye while reducing the risk of irritation from preservatives.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF to start working?
The medication starts to lower intraocular pressure within hours, with full effects seen after 2-4 weeks of consistent use.
Can I use Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF if I have asthma?
No, the timolol component can cause bronchospasm, making it unsuitable for individuals with asthma or severe COPD.
What does "preservative-free" mean, and why is it important?
Preservative-free means the solution does not contain preservatives that can irritate sensitive eyes. This is important for patients who are prone to eye irritation or allergic reactions to preservatives.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF?
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Is Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF safe for long-term use?
Yes, it is commonly prescribed for the long-term management of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Regular monitoring of intraocular pressure is essential to ensure it remains effective.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF Work?
Dorzolamide works by inhibiting the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which decreases the production of aqueous humor (fluid in the eye). Timolol reduces fluid production by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors. Together, they help reduce intraocular pressure by lowering the amount of fluid in the eye.
Common Dosages
Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF is typically available as a 2% Dorzolamide and 0.5% Timolol ophthalmic solution, in preservative-free single-use vials.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Open-angle glaucoma
- Ocular hypertension
Who Shouldn't Take Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF?
- Severe respiratory conditions (such as COPD or asthma)
- Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
- Heart block or heart failure
- Known hypersensitivity to dorzolamide, timolol, or other components of the formulation
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Use the single-use vials only once. Discard any remaining solution after each use, even if there is leftover medication in the vial.
- Wait at least 5 minutes between using Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF and any other eye drops.
- After applying the drops, press on the inner corner of your eye for 1-2 minutes to prevent the medication from draining into your tear duct, which can reduce the risk of systemic side effects.
- If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying the drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them.
Side Effects of Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF
Common Side Effects
- Temporary burning or stinging in the eye
- Blurred vision
- Bitter taste in the mouth
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Shortness of breath
- Irregular heartbeat
- Severe allergic reactions (such as swelling of the face, tongue, or throat)
Risks and Warnings of Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF
- Respiratory Risks: The timolol component can cause bronchospasm and is not recommended for patients with asthma or COPD.
- Cardiac Effects: Timolol may slow heart rate or worsen heart failure in individuals with preexisting heart conditions.
- Allergic Reactions: Dorzolamide contains sulfonamide, which may trigger allergic reactions in patients sensitive to sulfa drugs.
Interactions with Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF
Common Drug Interactions
- Oral beta-blockers: Using Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF in combination with oral beta-blockers may increase the risk of bradycardia and low blood pressure.
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Using additional systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g., acetazolamide) can increase the risk of systemic side effects.
- Calcium channel blockers: Caution should be used when combining Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF with calcium channel blockers due to additive effects on heart rate and blood pressure.
Alternatives to Dorzolamide HCl-Timolol Mal PF
- Brimonidine (Alphagan P): An alpha agonist that reduces intraocular pressure by decreasing fluid production and increasing fluid outflow.
- Latanoprost (Xalatan): A prostaglandin analog used to reduce intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of fluid from the eye.
- Travoprost (Travatan Z): Another prostaglandin analog, similar to latanoprost, used to treat glaucoma.
