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Dilt-XR
Dilt-XR (diltiazem) is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and chronic stable angina (chest pain). It works by relaxing the blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump and improving the flow of oxygen-rich blood. Dilt-XR is an extended-release formulation that provides a continuous release of the medication, allowing for once-daily dosing.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Dilt-XR to start working?
Dilt-XR typically begins to lower blood pressure within 2 to 4 weeks, though you may notice some improvement earlier.
Can I stop taking Dilt-XR suddenly?
No, stopping Dilt-XR suddenly can cause a rebound increase in blood pressure or worsen chest pain. Always consult your healthcare provider before stopping the medication.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Dilt-XR?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is close to your next dose. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.
Is Dilt-XR safe during pregnancy?
Dilt-XR should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed. Consult your healthcare provider for more information on using this medication while pregnant.
Can Dilt-XR be taken with other heart medications?
Yes, but it’s important to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, as some heart medications, such as beta-blockers and digoxin, can interact with Dilt-XR, increasing the risk of side effects.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Dilt-XR Work?
Dilt-XR works by blocking the movement of calcium ions into the heart and blood vessel walls. This leads to the relaxation of the vascular smooth muscles, resulting in lower blood pressure and reduced heart strain. It also helps to control heart rate in patients with certain types of arrhythmias.
What is Dilt-XR Used For?
- Management of hypertension
- Chronic stable angina
- Control of heart rate in certain arrhythmias
Common Dosages
Dilt-XR is available in the following extended-release capsule strengths:
- 120 mg, 180 mg, 240 mg, 300 mg, 360 mg, 420 mg
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- For hypertension, the typical starting dose is 180 mg to 240 mg once daily.
- For angina, the usual dose may range from 120 mg to 360 mg once daily.
- Dosing is individualized based on the patient’s response, with a maximum dose of 540 mg daily.
Who Shouldn't Take Dilt-XR?
Dilt-XR should not be used in individuals with:
- Severe hypotension
- Second- or third-degree AV block (without a pacemaker)
- Sick sinus syndrome (without a pacemaker)
- Acute myocardial infarction with pulmonary congestion
- Known hypersensitivity to diltiazem
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Swallow Dilt-XR capsules whole. Do not crush, chew, or open the capsules, as this may alter the extended-release properties of the medication.
- Take the medication at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels.
- Avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking Dilt-XR, as it can increase the level of the drug in your bloodstream, raising the risk of side effects.
- If you experience symptoms like dizziness, slow heart rate, or swelling of the feet or ankles, contact your healthcare provider.
Side Effects of Dilt-XR
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fatigue
- Swelling in the ankles or feet (edema)
- Headache
- Nausea
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
- Severe hypotension
- Worsening heart failure
- Liver dysfunction (elevated liver enzymes)
Risks and Warnings of Dilt-XR
Heart Failure: Dilt-XR can worsen heart failure in some patients by reducing the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. Monitoring is recommended in patients with heart failure.
Bradycardia and AV Block: The medication can slow the heart rate, and in some cases, cause heart block, especially in individuals with pre-existing heart conditions.
Low Blood Pressure: Dilt-XR may cause a significant drop in blood pressure, especially when combined with other antihypertensive medications.
Interactions with Dilt-XR
Common Drug Interactions
- Beta-blockers: Combining Dilt-XR with beta-blockers (e.g., metoprolol) can increase the risk of bradycardia and heart failure.
- Digoxin: Dilt-XR can increase digoxin levels in the blood, leading to an increased risk of toxicity.
- CYP3A4 inhibitors: Medications like ketoconazole and erythromycin can raise Dilt-XR levels, increasing the risk of side effects.
- Statins: Some statins (e.g., simvastatin) may increase the risk of muscle-related side effects when used with Dilt-XR.
Alternatives to Dilt-XR
- Amlodipine (Norvasc): Another calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and angina.
- Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker used to manage blood pressure, angina, and arrhythmias.
- ACE inhibitors: Such as lisinopril, which are used to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.
- Beta-blockers: Such as atenolol, often prescribed to lower blood pressure and control heart rate.
