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Cartia XT
Cartia XT is an extended-release formulation of diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and chronic stable angina (chest pain). Diltiazem works by relaxing the blood vessels, reducing the workload on the heart, and slowing the heart rate. This allows for improved blood flow and decreased blood pressure, which helps prevent heart attacks, strokes, and angina episodes.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Cartia XT to start working?
Cartia XT starts to lower blood pressure within hours of taking a dose, but full effects may take several days to a few weeks to be noticeable, especially for blood pressure control.
Can I take Cartia XT with food?
Yes, Cartia XT can be taken with or without food. Taking it with food may help reduce stomach discomfort if experienced.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of Cartia XT, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one at the regular time. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.
Can Cartia XT cause weight gain?
Weight gain is not a common side effect of Cartia XT, but swelling in the legs or ankles (peripheral edema) may occur. If you notice rapid weight gain or swelling, contact your healthcare provider.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Cartia XT?
It’s best to limit alcohol consumption while taking Cartia XT, as alcohol can lower blood pressure and increase the risk of dizziness or fainting. Consult your healthcare provider for specific advice regarding alcohol use.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Cartia XT Work?
Cartia XT works by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into the heart and vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in:
- Vasodilation: Relaxation of blood vessels, lowering blood pressure.
- Reduced Heart Rate: Slowing the heart rate to reduce the heart’s oxygen demand.
- Improved Blood Flow: By reducing the workload on the heart and relaxing the arteries, it enhances blood flow to the heart, preventing angina attacks.
What is Cartia XT Used For?
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): To lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular events.
Chronic Stable Angina: To relieve chest pain and improve exercise tolerance in patients with coronary artery disease.
Common Dosages
Cartia XT is available by prescription only and is not classified as a controlled substance. It comes in extended-release capsules designed to be taken once daily, providing consistent control of blood pressure and angina symptoms over 24 hours.
Administration: Cartia XT is taken once daily, usually in the morning, with or without food. The extended-release capsule should be swallowed whole and not chewed, crushed, or split, as this would interfere with the slow release of the medication.
Frequency: Once daily for consistent 24-hour control of blood pressure or angina symptoms.
Duration of Use: Cartia XT is typically used as a long-term treatment for hypertension or chronic stable angina. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate is essential.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
Cartia XT is available in extended-release capsules with the following strengths:
- 120 mg
- 180 mg
- 240 mg
- 300 mg
The appropriate dose is individualized based on the patient’s condition and response to treatment.
Off-Label Uses
It has also been used off-label for conditions such as pulmonary hypertension and anal fissures.
- Pulmonary hypertension: 120360mg per day.
- Anal fissure: 2% ointment applied topically.
Who Shouldn't Take Cartia XT?
Cartia XT is contraindicated in patients with:
- Severe hypotension (low blood pressure).
- Sick sinus syndrome or second- or third-degree AV block (unless the patient has a pacemaker).
- Severe heart failure, particularly with reduced ejection fraction, as it may worsen the condition.
- Hypersensitivity to diltiazem or any components of the formulation.
Advice From The Pharmacist
Patients using Cartia XT should be advised to:
- Take the medication at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels.
- Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, as it can interfere with the metabolism of diltiazem, leading to higher drug levels and an increased risk of side effects.
- Monitor their blood pressure regularly and report any symptoms of low blood pressure, such as dizziness or fainting.
- Be cautious when standing up quickly, as Cartia XT can cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially during the first few days of treatment.
- Contact their healthcare provider if they experience worsening chest pain, swelling in the legs, or shortness of breath.
Side Effects of Cartia XT
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Nausea
- Swelling of the ankles, feet, or hands (peripheral edema)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate): Can cause dizziness, fatigue, or fainting.
- Severe Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure): Symptoms include dizziness, fainting, or blurred vision.
- Heart Failure: Signs include swelling in the legs, rapid weight gain, or shortness of breath.
- Liver Dysfunction: Symptoms include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or severe abdominal pain.
Risks and Warnings of Cartia XT
Bradycardia and Hypotension: Cartia XT can significantly lower heart rate and blood pressure, especially when used with other heart rate-lowering medications like beta-blockers.
Heart Failure: Cartia XT may worsen symptoms in patients with heart failure, particularly those with reduced ejection fraction.
Liver Function: Diltiazem may elevate liver enzymes, so liver function should be monitored regularly during long-term use.
Interactions with Cartia XT
Common Drug Interactions
Cartia XT may interact with other medications, including:
- Beta-Blockers: Such as metoprolol or atenolol, which can increase the risk of low heart rate (bradycardia) and low blood pressure (hypotension).
- Digoxin: Diltiazem can increase digoxin levels, raising the risk of toxicity.
- Statins: Particularly simvastatin and atorvastatin, which may have increased risk of muscle damage (rhabdomyolysis) when used with diltiazem.
- Grapefruit Juice: Grapefruit can inhibit the metabolism of diltiazem, increasing drug levels and the risk of side effects.
Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications and supplements they are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Alternatives to Cartia XT
Alternative treatments for hypertension and angina include:
- Other Calcium Channel Blockers: Such as amlodipine or nifedipine, which work similarly to diltiazem but may have different side effect profiles.
- Beta-Blockers: Such as propranolol or carvedilol, which lower heart rate and blood pressure.
- ACE Inhibitors: Such as lisinopril or enalapril, which reduce blood pressure and protect heart function.
- Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs): Such as losartan or valsartan, which are used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure.
