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Cardizem CD
Cardizem CD is the extended-release formulation of diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), chronic stable angina (chest pain), and certain heart rhythm disorders like atrial fibrillation. The extended-release formulation allows for once-daily dosing to provide a steady effect throughout the day. By relaxing the blood vessels and reducing the workload on the heart, Cardizem CD helps to lower blood pressure and reduce chest pain.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Cardizem CD to start working?
Cardizem CD begins to lower blood pressure within hours of taking a dose, but it may take 1-2 weeks for the full effects to be noticeable, especially for long-term blood pressure control.
Can I take Cardizem CD with food?
Yes, Cardizem CD can be taken with or without food. If you experience stomach upset, taking it with food may help.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Cardizem CD?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.
Can Cardizem CD cause weight gain?
Weight gain is not a common side effect of Cardizem CD, but swelling in the legs or ankles (peripheral edema) can occur. If you experience rapid weight gain or swelling, contact your healthcare provider.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Cardizem CD?
It is recommended to limit alcohol consumption while taking Cardizem CD, as alcohol can lower blood pressure and increase the risk of dizziness or fainting, especially when combined with this medication. Always consult your healthcare provider for specific advice.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Cardizem CD Work?
Cardizem CD works by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into the heart and vascular smooth muscle cells. This leads to:
- Vasodilation: Dilation of blood vessels, reducing blood pressure.
- Decreased Heart Rate: Slows the heart rate, reducing the heart’s workload.
- Reduced Myocardial Oxygen Demand: By reducing heart rate and contractility, Cardizem CD lowers the heart's demand for oxygen, making it effective for treating angina.
What is Cardizem CD Used For?
- Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): To lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack.
- Chronic Stable Angina: To relieve chest pain caused by coronary artery disease.
- Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter: To control heart rate in patients with these heart rhythm disorders.
Common Dosages
Cardizem CD is available by prescription only and is not classified as a controlled substance. It comes in extended-release capsules that allow for once-daily dosing.
Administration: Cardizem CD is typically taken once daily, with or without food. It should be swallowed whole and not crushed, chewed, or opened, as this would disrupt the extended-release mechanism.
Frequency: Once daily, to maintain consistent blood levels and control symptoms throughout the day.
Duration of Use: Cardizem CD is often used as a long-term treatment for managing high blood pressure, chronic angina, or heart rhythm disorders. Blood pressure and heart rate should be regularly monitored.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
Cardizem CD is available in extended-release capsules with the following strengths:
- 120 mg
- 180 mg
- 240 mg
- 300 mg
- 360 mg
- 420 mg
The dose is individualized based on the condition being treated and the patient’s response.
Who Shouldn't Take Cardizem CD?
Cardizem CD is contraindicated in patients with:
- Severe hypotension (low blood pressure).
- Sick sinus syndrome or second or third-degree AV block (unless a pacemaker is present).
- Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, may worsen the condition.
- Hypersensitivity to diltiazem or any of the components of the formulation.
Advice From The Pharmacist
Patients using Cardizem CD should be advised to:
- Take the medication at the same time every day to maintain steady levels in the bloodstream.
- Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, as it can interfere with the metabolism of diltiazem, leading to higher drug levels and increased side effects.
- Monitor blood pressure regularly and be aware of symptoms of low blood pressure, such as dizziness or fainting.
- Avoid suddenly stopping the medication without consulting a healthcare provider, as this could worsen heart conditions.
- Report any signs of worsening chest pain, swelling of the legs, shortness of breath, or other unusual symptoms to their healthcare provider.
Side Effects of Cardizem CD
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Nausea
- Swelling in the hands, ankles, or feet (peripheral edema)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate): This may cause dizziness, fatigue, or fainting.
- Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure): Can cause dizziness, fainting, or blurred vision.
- Heart Failure: Symptoms include swelling of the legs, rapid weight gain, or shortness of breath.
- Liver Dysfunction: Signs include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or severe abdominal pain.
Risks and Warnings of Cardizem CD
Bradycardia and Hypotension: Cardizem CD can cause a significant drop in heart rate and blood pressure. Patients taking other medications that affect heart rate or blood pressure, such as beta-blockers, should be monitored closely.
Heart Failure: In patients with reduced ejection fraction, Cardizem CD may worsen symptoms of heart failure, such as swelling and difficulty breathing. It should be used cautiously in these patients.
Liver Function: Diltiazem can affect liver function, and liver enzymes should be monitored periodically during long-term use.
Interactions with Cardizem CD
Common Drug Interactions
Cardizem CD may interact with other medications, including:
- Beta-Blockers: Such as metoprolol or atenolol, which may increase the risk of bradycardia or hypotension.
- Digoxin: Cardizem CD can increase digoxin levels, leading to potential toxicity.
- Statins: Diltiazem can increase the risk of muscle damage (rhabdomyolysis) when taken with statins like simvastatin or atorvastatin.
- Grapefruit Juice: Grapefruit juice inhibits the metabolism of diltiazem, increasing drug levels and the risk of side effects.
Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications and supplements they are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Alternatives to Cardizem CD
Alternative treatments for hypertension, angina, and heart rhythm disorders include:
- Other Calcium Channel Blockers: Such as amlodipine or nifedipine, work similarly to diltiazem but may have different side effect profiles.
- Beta-blockers: Such as propranolol or carvedilol, which reduce heart rate and blood pressure.
- ACE Inhibitors: Such as lisinopril, are used to lower blood pressure and protect the heart.
- Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs): Such as losartan or valsartan, which lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels.
