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Aptiom
Aptiom (eslicarbazepine acetate) is an anticonvulsant used to treat partial-onset seizures in adults and children aged 4 years and older with epilepsy. It belongs to the class of drugs known as sodium channel blockers, which help stabilize electrical activity in the brain and reduce the frequency of seizures. Aptiom is often used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, which may include other antiepileptic drugs.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Aptiom to start working?
It may take a few weeks to achieve full seizure control with Aptiom, especially as the dose is titrated to the most effective level.
Can I stop taking Aptiom if my seizures improve?
No, you should not stop taking Aptiom without consulting your healthcare provider. Stopping the medication suddenly can increase the risk of seizure recurrence.
Does Aptiom interact with birth control?
Yes, Aptiom can reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives (e.g., birth control pills), so it's important to use a non-hormonal backup method such as condoms.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Aptiom?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is close to your next scheduled dose. Do not double up on doses.
Is Aptiom safe for children?
Yes, Aptiom is FDA-approved for use in children aged 4 years and older for the treatment of partial-onset seizures. The dosage is based on body weight, and close monitoring is necessary.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Aptiom Work?
Aptiom works by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels in the brain, which helps stabilize the abnormal electrical activity associated with seizures. By limiting repetitive firing of neurons, it helps reduce the frequency and severity of seizures in patients with epilepsy.
Common Dosages
- Tablets: 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, and 800 mg
Typical Dosing
- The usual starting dose for adults with partial-onset seizures is 400 mg once daily, which may be increased based on clinical response to a maintenance dose of 800 mg to 1200 mg once daily.
- For children aged 4 years and older, the dosage is based on body weight, with titration over several weeks.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Partial-onset seizures in adults and children aged 4 years and older with epilepsy
Who Shouldn't Take Aptiom?
- Known hypersensitivity to eslicarbazepine acetate, oxcarbazepine, or other components of the formulation
- Severe liver or kidney impairment without proper dosage adjustments
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Aptiom once daily at the same time each day, with or without food.
- Do not suddenly stop taking Aptiom, as it may increase the risk of seizure recurrence. Always consult your healthcare provider before discontinuing.
- Be aware that Aptiom may cause dizziness or drowsiness, so avoid activities that require full alertness, such as driving, until you know how the medication affects you.
- Regular blood tests may be needed to monitor your liver function and sodium levels, as Aptiom can affect both.
Side Effects of Aptiom
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness
- Drowsiness
- Headache
- Nausea
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Hyponatremia (low sodium levels)
- Severe allergic reactions, such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing
- Suicidal thoughts or behaviors
- Liver dysfunction or elevated liver enzymes
Risks and Warnings of Aptiom
- Suicidal thoughts: Antiepileptic drugs, including Aptiom, may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behaviors. Patients and caregivers should be alert for changes in mood or behavior and report any concerns to a healthcare provider.
- Hyponatremia: Aptiom may cause low sodium levels in the blood, which can lead to symptoms such as nausea, headache, confusion, and seizures. Regular blood tests may be required to monitor sodium levels.
- Liver function: Aptiom can cause liver enzyme elevations. Patients with pre-existing liver conditions should be monitored closely.
Interactions with Aptiom
Common Drug Interactions
- Carbamazepine: Taking Aptiom with carbamazepine may reduce the effectiveness of both medications and increase the risk of side effects.
- Oral contraceptives: Aptiom may reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, so an additional form of non-hormonal birth control should be used.
- Phenytoin: Aptiom may increase phenytoin levels, leading to an increased risk of toxicity. Dosage adjustments may be necessary.
Alternatives to Aptiom
- Keppra (levetiracetam): Another anticonvulsant commonly used to treat partial-onset seizures.
- Lamictal (lamotrigine): An anticonvulsant used for treating various types of seizures, including partial-onset seizures.
- Trileptal (oxcarbazepine): A similar sodium channel blocker used to treat partial-onset seizures, with a similar mechanism to Aptiom.
