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Altoprev
Altoprev (lovastatin) is a medication primarily used to lower cholesterol levels in individuals with hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol) and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. It belongs to the class of drugs known as statins, which work by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, responsible for cholesterol synthesis in the liver. By reducing LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol and increasing HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, Altoprev helps improve overall cholesterol profiles and decrease the risk of heart disease and stroke.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Altoprev to lower cholesterol?
Most patients may see improvements in their cholesterol levels within 4 to 6 weeks of starting Altoprev.
Can I take Altoprev with other medications?
Yes, but it is important to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, as some may interact with lovastatin.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Altoprev?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Is it safe to consume alcohol while taking Altoprev?
Moderate alcohol consumption is generally acceptable, but excessive drinking should be avoided as it can increase the risk of liver problems.
Are there any dietary restrictions while taking Altoprev?
It is advisable to follow a cholesterol-lowering diet while taking Altoprev. Avoid large amounts of grapefruit or grapefruit juice, as they can interfere with the metabolism of the medication.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Altoprev Work?
Altoprev works by competitively inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, which plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of cholesterol in the liver. By blocking this enzyme, lovastatin decreases the production of cholesterol, leading to a reduction in LDL cholesterol levels in the bloodstream. This action also stimulates the liver to remove LDL cholesterol from the blood, further lowering overall cholesterol levels.
Common Dosages
- Extended-release tablets: 20 mg, 40 mg, and 60 mg
Typical Dosing
- The usual starting dose for Altoprev is 20 mg taken orally once daily in the evening. Depending on the patient's cholesterol levels and tolerability, the dose may be adjusted, with a maximum recommended dose of 60 mg per day.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Primary hyperlipidemia (elevated total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides)
- Mixed dyslipidemia (elevated total cholesterol and triglycerides)
- Prevention of cardiovascular disease in individuals at high risk due to elevated cholesterol levels and other risk factors
Who Shouldn't Take Altoprev?
- Known hypersensitivity to lovastatin or any components of the formulation
- Active liver disease or unexplained persistent elevations of serum transaminases
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Altoprev exactly as prescribed, typically in the evening to enhance its effectiveness.
- Avoid consuming large quantities of grapefruit or grapefruit juice while taking Altoprev, as it can increase the risk of statin-related side effects by affecting drug metabolism.
- Regular liver function tests may be necessary during treatment to monitor for potential liver-related side effects.
- Report any unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness to your healthcare provider, as these could be signs of serious side effects.
Side Effects of Altoprev
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Muscle pain
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Liver dysfunction (elevated liver enzymes)
- Rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle breakdown leading to kidney damage)
- Allergic reactions (e.g., rash, itching, swelling)
Risks and Warnings of Altoprev
- Liver Function: Altoprev can cause liver enzyme elevations; routine monitoring is advised, especially in patients with pre-existing liver disease.
- Muscle-related Side Effects: The risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis increases with higher doses and in patients taking certain medications. Monitoring for muscle pain and weakness is important.
- Drug Interactions: Altoprev can interact with various medications, increasing the risk of side effects. Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking.
Interactions with Altoprev
Common Drug Interactions
- CYP3A4 Inhibitors: Medications that inhibit CYP3A4 (e.g., certain antibiotics, antifungals, and calcium channel blockers) can increase the risk of statin-related side effects.
- Fibrates: Concurrent use with fibrate medications (e.g., fenofibrate, gemfibrozil) can increase the risk of muscle-related side effects.
- Niacin: High doses of niacin may also increase the risk of muscle problems when taken with statins.
Alternatives to Altoprev
- Other statins: Such as atorvastatin, simvastatin, or rosuvastatin, which can also help lower cholesterol levels.
- Ezetimibe: A medication that lowers cholesterol absorption in the intestines and may be used in combination with statins.
- Bile acid sequestrants: Such as cholestyramine, which can also help reduce LDL cholesterol levels.
