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Aldara
Aldara, the brand name for imiquimod, is a topical medication used to treat certain skin conditions, including actinic keratosis (a precancerous skin condition), superficial basal cell carcinoma (a type of skin cancer), and external genital and perianal warts caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Aldara belongs to a class of drugs known as immune response modifiers. It works by stimulating the immune system to produce natural substances that help fight abnormal skin growths and viral infections, helping the skin heal and reducing the risk of progression to more serious conditions.
Drug Availability and Controlled Substance Status
Aldara is available by prescription and can be obtained at most pharmacies in the form of a cream. It is typically supplied in single-use packets or tubes. Aldara is not classified as a controlled substance, meaning it does not have a high potential for abuse or dependence. However, it should be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider to ensure safe and effective use.
Drug Classes
Aldara is formally classified as an immune response modifier. Informally, it may be referred to as a topical immune enhancer or antiviral cream. These classifications highlight its role in activating the body’s immune system to fight abnormal cells, such as those found in certain types of skin cancer and warts.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Aldara to work?
The time it takes for Aldara to work varies depending on the condition being treated. For actinic keratosis, it may take up to 16 weeks. For superficial basal cell carcinoma, improvement may be seen within 6 weeks, and for genital warts, treatment may last up to 16 weeks.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Aldara?
If you miss a dose, apply the cream as soon as you remember, but do not apply it more frequently than prescribed. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
Can I use Aldara on broken or irritated skin?
No, Aldara should not be applied to broken, irritated, or infected skin. If you have concerns about where to apply the cream, consult your healthcare provider.
Can I use Aldara if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, you should discuss the risks and benefits of using Aldara with your healthcare provider before starting treatment.
What should I do if I experience severe skin irritation while using Aldara?
If you experience severe skin irritation, such as intense redness, blistering, or ulceration, stop using Aldara and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Do I need to protect the treated area from the sun while using Aldara?
Yes, it is important to protect the treated area from sun exposure while using Aldara, as the medication can increase your skin's sensitivity to sunlight.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Aldara Work?
Aldara works by stimulating the immune system to release cytokines, such as interferon-alpha, which help the body recognize and attack abnormal skin cells and viruses. This immune response helps clear precancerous lesions, superficial skin cancers, and warts by promoting the destruction of infected or abnormal cells. The cream is applied directly to the affected area, where it triggers the local immune response needed to fight the skin condition.
Common Dosages
Aldara is typically available as a 5% cream in single-use packets. The cream is applied topically, and the frequency and duration of treatment depend on the condition being treated. For example:
- Actinic keratosis: Apply 2 times per week for 16 weeks.
- Superficial basal cell carcinoma: Apply 5 times per week for 6 weeks.
- External genital and perianal warts: Apply 3 times per week until the warts are gone, up to 16 weeks.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
Aldara is FDA-approved for the following uses:
- Actinic keratosis: A precancerous condition caused by sun damage, typically appearing as rough, scaly patches on the skin.
- Superficial basal cell carcinoma: A type of skin cancer that is localized and not deeply invasive.
- External genital and perianal warts: Warts caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) located on the outer genital or anal areas.
Aldara is primarily used for these skin conditions, and its off-label use is less common.
Who Shouldn't Take Aldara?
Aldara should not be used by individuals who have a known hypersensitivity to imiquimod or any of the components in the cream. It should also be used with caution in patients with autoimmune diseases or those who have undergone organ transplantation, as it stimulates the immune system. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should discuss the risks and benefits of using Aldara with their healthcare provider before starting treatment.
Advice From The Pharmacist
When using Aldara, apply it exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Apply a thin layer of the cream to clean, dry skin and leave it on for the recommended duration, usually overnight. After the prescribed time, wash the area with mild soap and water. Avoid covering the treated area with a bandage unless instructed by your healthcare provider. Be cautious not to get the cream in your eyes, mouth, or nose, and avoid applying it to broken or irritated skin. If you experience severe irritation, stop using Aldara and contact your healthcare provider.
Side Effects of Aldara
Common Side Effects
Common side effects of Aldara include redness, swelling, itching, and burning at the application site. These reactions are typically mild and indicate that the medication is working. However, more serious side effects, though less common, can include severe skin reactions, flu-like symptoms (fever, fatigue, muscle aches), and changes in skin color. If you experience any severe or unusual side effects, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Risks and Warnings of Aldara
The major risks associated with Aldara include severe local skin reactions, such as intense redness, blistering, or ulceration. Systemic reactions, such as flu-like symptoms, can also occur, especially when treating larger areas of skin. Patients should be monitored for these reactions, and treatment should be discontinued if severe reactions occur. Additionally, Aldara may increase sensitivity to sunlight, so it is important to protect treated areas from sun exposure.
Interactions with Aldara
Common Drug Interactions
There are no significant drug interactions with Aldara when used topically as directed. However, it is important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications, supplements, and other topical treatments you are using, as they may affect your skin's sensitivity or interact with the immune response triggered by Aldara. Additionally, avoid using other skin products on the treated area unless directed by your healthcare provider.
Alternatives to Aldara
Alternative treatments to Aldara for actinic keratosis include other topical therapies, such as fluorouracil (Efudex) and diclofenac (Solaraze). For superficial basal cell carcinoma, treatment options include surgical removal, cryotherapy, or radiation therapy. For genital warts, other treatments include cryotherapy, podofilox (Condylox), or surgical removal. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the condition, the patient’s medical history, and their preference.
