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Fluorouracil
Fluorouracil is a type of medication known as an antimetabolite. It works by blocking the formation of DNA in cancer cells, essentially stopping them from growing and multiplying. Some standard side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite, but your healthcare professional will make sure the benefits outweigh these issues.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can I stop taking Fluorouracil if I feel better?
Always consult your doctor before stopping any prescribed medication. Stopping Fluorouracil suddenly might allow cancer cells that are still in your body to start multiplying aga
Can I take Fluorouracil if I am pregnant?
Fluorouracil is generally not recommended during pregnancy. It may harm the unborn baby. Always consult your doctor for advice tailored to your specific situation.
Does Fluorouracil cause hair loss?
In some people, Fluorouracil can indeed cause hair loss. However, this is generally temporary, and your hair should start to grow back after your treatment ends.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Fluorouracil?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible unless it is almost time for your next dose. In such a case, skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed one.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Fluorouracil Work?
Fluorouracil is an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent. It works by inhibiting thymidylate synthase, an enzyme required for synthesizing DNA. This process, in turn, hinders the cell cycle progression in cancer cells.
What is Fluorouracil Used For?
FDA indications: Fluorouracil is used to treat several types of cancer including colorectal, breast, stomach, and pancreatic cancer.
Offlabel uses: Despite its conventional use as a systemic chemotherapeutic agent, it might also be used topically for treating specific skin conditions, such as actinic keratosis and superficial basal cell carcinoma.
Common Dosages
Injection: 50 mg/mL
Cream: 2%, 5%
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- The dosage depends on the type and stage of cancer, the patient's overall health condition, and response to treatment.
Off-Label Uses
- The usual recommendation for actinic keratosis is to apply the 5% Fluorouracil cream twice daily in the affected area for 2 to 4 weeks.
Who Shouldn't Take Fluorouracil?
- If you're allergic to fluorouracil or any of its ingredients.
- If you have a known dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency.
- If you have a severe infection or a depressed bone marrow.
- If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant since it might harm the unborn baby.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- It's advisable to maintain good oral hygiene to minimize instances of mouth ulcers.
- Wash your hands thoroughly before and after applying the cream.
- Avoid sun exposure in areas where the cream has been applied.
- Monitor blood counts regularly during treatment.
- Avoid getting the cream in your eyes, nose, mouth, or other sensitive areas.
- Please consult a healthcare provider immediately if you experience an unexpected side effect.
Side Effects of Fluorouracil
Common Side Effects
- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, mouth sores, dry skin, itching.
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Uncommon side effects:
- Watery eyes, increased sensitivity to sunlight
- Rare side effects:
- Skin discoloration, rash.
- Severe side effects:
- Chest pain, confusion, dizziness, irregular heartbeat, fever or chills lasting more than 24 hours, black or tarry stools, severe stomach pain.
Risks and Warnings of Fluorouracil
- Do not use Fluorouracil if you are allergic to any of the ingredients.
- Women who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding should not use Fluorouracil, as it can harm the baby.
- Don?t apply Fluorouracil on the eyelids or directly into the eyes, nose, or mouth.
- Avoid prolonged sun exposure or wear protective clothing if you must be out in the sun while using Fluorouracil.
- Inform your doctor of all the medications you take, including overthecounter medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
Interactions with Fluorouracil
Common Drug Interactions
- Leucovorin
- Phenytoin
- Metronidazole
- Cimetidine
- Warfarin
Alternatives to Fluorouracil
- Capecitabine
- Gemcitabine
- Irinotecan
- Raltitrexed
- Methotrexate
