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Zithranol
Zithranol (generic name: anthralin) is a topical medication used to treat psoriasis, a chronic skin condition that causes skin cells to build up and form scales and itchy, dry patches. Zithranol helps slow down the rapid growth of skin cells associated with psoriasis and reduces inflammation. It is typically applied to affected areas of the skin to relieve symptoms such as redness, itching, and flaking.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Zithranol to work?
You may start to see improvements in your psoriasis symptoms within 2 to 4 weeks of starting treatment. However, the full effects may take longer, and consistent use is key.
Can I use Zithranol on my face?
No, Zithranol is generally not recommended for use on the face, genitals, or other sensitive areas due to the risk of severe skin irritation.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Zithranol?
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember, but do not double the dose to make up for the missed one. Continue your regular dosing schedule.
Can Zithranol stain my skin or clothes?
Yes, Zithranol can cause temporary orange-brown staining on the skin, clothes, and surfaces. Be cautious when applying it and wash your hands thoroughly after use to avoid staining.
Is Zithranol safe for long-term use?
Zithranol can be used long-term, but because of the potential for skin irritation, it’s important to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and monitor your skin’s response to treatment.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Zithranol Work?
Zithranol works by inhibiting DNA synthesis in the skin cells, slowing down their overproduction. This helps reduce the formation of psoriatic plaques and scales. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, which help reduce redness and itching associated with psoriasis.
Common Dosages
- 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% cream or ointment
- Anthralin-based shampoo
Typical Dosing
- For cream or ointment, apply a thin layer to the affected areas once daily. It is often used as a short-contact therapy, meaning it is applied for 10 to 30 minutes before being washed off to reduce skin irritation.
- The duration of treatment varies depending on the severity of the psoriasis and the patient’s response to therapy.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Topical treatment of psoriasis, particularly chronic plaque psoriasis.
Who Shouldn't Take Zithranol?
- Known hypersensitivity to anthralin or any component of the formulation
- Acute or pustular psoriasis, as it may worsen the condition
- Inflamed skin or broken skin in the treatment area, as this can increase irritation
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Use gloves or wash your hands thoroughly after applying Zithranol to avoid staining your skin or clothing, as it can leave orange-brown stains.
- Avoid applying Zithranol to normal skin around the affected areas to prevent irritation. Consider applying a protective barrier (e.g., petroleum jelly) to unaffected areas.
- Short-contact therapy is recommended to reduce skin irritation. Wash the area with lukewarm water after the designated contact time.
- Zithranol may make your skin more sensitive to sunlight, so use sunscreen and avoid excessive sun exposure during treatment.
Side Effects of Zithranol
Common Side Effects
- Skin irritation (redness, itching, burning) at the application site
- Temporary skin discoloration (orange-brown staining)
- Temporary hair discoloration in treated areas
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe skin irritation or blistering at the application site
- Allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Zithranol
- Skin Irritation: Zithranol can cause skin irritation, particularly with prolonged use. To minimize irritation, use the medication for the prescribed duration and wash it off after the designated contact time.
- Staining: Zithranol may stain skin, hair, nails, clothing, and surfaces. Apply the medication carefully and wash your hands thoroughly after use to minimize staining.
- Avoid Sensitive Areas: Avoid applying Zithranol to sensitive areas such as the face, genitals, or inflamed skin, as this can cause severe irritation.
Interactions with Zithranol
Common Drug Interactions
- Other topical medications: Avoid using other topical treatments on the same area without consulting your healthcare provider, as this may increase the risk of irritation or decrease the effectiveness of Zithranol.
- Phototherapy: If you are undergoing phototherapy for psoriasis, consult your healthcare provider before using Zithranol, as it can increase your skin’s sensitivity to light.
Alternatives to Zithranol
- Calcipotriene (Dovonex): A vitamin D analog used to treat plaque psoriasis by slowing down skin cell growth.
- Coal tar: A topical treatment used to reduce itching, scaling, and inflammation in psoriasis.
- Topical corticosteroids: Used to reduce inflammation and itching in psoriasis.
- Methotrexate or biologic therapies: Systemic treatments used for more severe cases of psoriasis.
