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Vigadrone
Vigadrone (generic name: vigabatrin) is an anticonvulsant medication used to treat seizures in patients with specific types of epilepsy. It is primarily prescribed for infantile spasms in babies aged 1 month to 2 years, and as adjunctive therapy for refractory complex partial seizures in adults who have not responded adequately to other treatments. Vigadrone works by increasing levels of a brain chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps reduce seizure activity.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Vigadrone to start working?
The effect of Vigadrone on seizure control may be seen within a few days to a few weeks, depending on the dose and the individual.
Can Vigadrone cause vision problems?
Yes, Vigadrone has been associated with permanent vision loss. Regular eye exams are required during treatment, and patients should report any vision changes immediately.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Vigadrone?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Can Vigadrone be used long-term?
Vigadrone can be used long-term, but because of the risk of vision loss, healthcare providers will carefully assess the need for continued therapy and monitor your vision regularly.
Is Vigadrone safe for children?
Yes, Vigadrone is approved for use in children with infantile spasms (ages 1 month to 2 years). However, the risk of vision loss also applies to pediatric patients, so regular monitoring is essential.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Vigadrone Work?
Vigadrone works by inhibiting the enzyme GABA transaminase, which breaks down GABA. By preventing the breakdown of GABA, vigabatrin increases the amount of GABA available in the brain. GABA is a neurotransmitter that inhibits excessive electrical activity in the brain, helping to control seizures.
Common Dosages
- 500 mg powder for oral solution
- 500 mg tablets
Typical Dosing
- Infantile spasms: The usual starting dose is 50 mg/kg per day, divided into two doses. The dose may be adjusted based on the child’s response, but the maximum recommended dose is 150 mg/kg per day.
- Refractory complex partial seizures (adults): The typical starting dose is 500 mg twice daily. The dose may be increased based on response, up to a maximum dose of 1,500 mg twice daily.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of infantile spasms in children aged 1 month to 2 years.
- Adjunctive therapy for adults with refractory complex partial seizures who have not responded to other antiepileptic drugs.
Who Shouldn't Take Vigadrone?
- Hypersensitivity to vigabatrin or any components of the formulation.
- Preexisting vision problems, due to the risk of serious vision loss associated with vigabatrin.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Vigadrone exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not stop taking the medication suddenly, as this can increase the risk of seizures.
- Monitor for vision changes: Vigadrone can cause permanent vision loss, so regular eye exams are required during treatment. If you notice changes in your vision, inform your healthcare provider immediately.
- Mix the powder for oral solution with water before taking it. Ensure it is fully dissolved before drinking.
- Keep track of your seizure frequency and report any changes to your healthcare provider.
Side Effects of Vigadrone
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Weight gain
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Permanent vision loss (peripheral vision or field of vision)
- Suicidal thoughts or behavior
- Anemia
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Vigadrone
- Vision Loss: Vigadrone is associated with the risk of permanent vision loss. This risk increases with higher doses and longer treatment duration. Patients using Vigadrone must undergo regular eye exams, typically every 3 to 6 months.
- Suicidal Thoughts: Like other antiepileptic drugs, Vigadrone may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior. Inform your healthcare provider if you experience mood changes, depression, or suicidal thoughts.
- Abrupt Discontinuation: Stopping Vigadrone suddenly can cause increased seizure activity. Always consult your healthcare provider before discontinuing treatment.
Interactions with Vigadrone
Common Drug Interactions
- Other anticonvulsants: Vigadrone may interact with other antiepileptic drugs. Always inform your healthcare provider of any other medications you are taking.
- Sedatives and alcohol: Using Vigadrone alongside alcohol or sedative medications can increase drowsiness and other central nervous system depressant effects.
Alternatives to Vigadrone
- Topiramate (Topamax): Another anticonvulsant used for seizures and migraines.
- Lamotrigine (Lamictal): An antiepileptic drug used for a variety of seizure types and bipolar disorder.
- Levetiracetam (Keppra): Used for partial, myoclonic, and tonic-clonic seizures.
