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Unithroid
Unithroid, the brand name for levothyroxine sodium, is a synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. It helps restore normal thyroid hormone levels, supporting metabolism, growth, and energy regulation. Unithroid is also used to treat or prevent goiter (enlarged thyroid gland) and in some cases to manage thyroid cancer. The medication is taken orally and must be dosed carefully to achieve the right thyroid hormone balance.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Unithroid to start working?
It may take 1 to 2 weeks to notice improvements in symptoms such as fatigue or weight gain, but it can take 4 to 6 weeks to achieve stable thyroid hormone levels. Blood tests will help guide dosage adjustments.
Can I switch between brands of levothyroxine?
Switching between brands of levothyroxine, such as from Unithroid to Synthroid, can result in slight changes in dosage. It is important to consult your healthcare provider before switching brands, as your dose may need adjustment.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Unithroid?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one at the usual time. Do not double up doses.
Can Unithroid cause weight loss?
Unithroid is not a weight-loss medication, but in individuals with hypothyroidism, it can lead to weight loss as thyroid hormone levels are restored to normal. Weight loss beyond what is expected may indicate an excessive dose.
Can I drink coffee after taking Unithroid?
It is best to wait at least 30 minutes to 1 hour after taking Unithroid before drinking coffee, as coffee can interfere with its absorption.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Unithroid Work?
Unithroid contains levothyroxine sodium, a synthetic form of thyroxine (T4), a hormone normally produced by the thyroid gland. Once in the body, levothyroxine is converted into triiodothyronine (T3), the active form of thyroid hormone. This helps regulate metabolism, energy production, and other important bodily functions that are affected by low thyroid hormone levels.
Common Dosages
- 25 mcg, 50 mcg, 75 mcg, 88 mcg, 100 mcg, 112 mcg, 125 mcg, 137 mcg, 150 mcg, 175 mcg, 200 mcg, 300 mcg tablets.
The exact dose will be determined based on individual thyroid hormone levels and response to treatment.
Typical Dosing
- The typical starting dose for adults with hypothyroidism is 1.6 mcg/kg/day, adjusted based on TSH levels.
- In elderly patients or those with heart conditions, the starting dose may be lower, around 12.5 mcg to 50 mcg daily.
- Dose adjustments are made every 4 to 6 weeks based on blood tests that measure thyroid hormone levels and TSH.
- Unithroid should be taken once daily on an empty stomach, 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast for best absorption.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Hypothyroidism: To replace or supplement thyroid hormone in individuals with underactive thyroid function.
- Goiter: To treat or prevent goiter caused by hormone imbalances, radiation treatment, surgery, or cancer.
- Thyroid cancer: Used as part of thyroid cancer management to suppress TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) and reduce tumor growth.
Who Shouldn't Take Unithroid?
- Untreated adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease)
- Thyrotoxicosis (overactive thyroid)
- Known hypersensitivity to levothyroxine or any of its components
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Unithroid on an empty stomach at least 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast with a full glass of water. Consistency in timing helps maintain stable thyroid levels.
- Do not switch brands of levothyroxine without consulting your healthcare provider, as the dosage may vary between products.
- Regular blood tests are required to monitor your thyroid levels and adjust the dosage as needed. It may take several weeks to find the right dose.
- Avoid taking iron supplements, calcium, or antacids within 4 hours of your dose, as these can interfere with the absorption of Unithroid.
- Do not stop taking Unithroid suddenly, as thyroid hormone replacement is usually a lifelong therapy for individuals with hypothyroidism.
Side Effects of Unithroid
Common Side Effects
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Weight loss
- Nervousness
- Increased sweating
- Sensitivity to heat
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Cardiovascular issues: Fast or irregular heartbeat, chest pain
- Osteoporosis (with long-term high doses)
- Signs of overdose: Rapid heartbeat, anxiety, weight loss, tremors
Risks and Warnings of Unithroid
- Overdose risk: Taking too much Unithroid can cause symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as weight loss, heart palpitations, and anxiety. Regular monitoring is crucial to avoid this.
- Heart disease risk: Patients with heart disease, including coronary artery disease, should be started on a low dose, as Unithroid can increase heart rate and oxygen demand, potentially leading to chest pain or heart attacks.
- Osteoporosis: Long-term use of high doses of Unithroid can increase the risk of bone thinning (osteoporosis), especially in postmenopausal women.
Interactions with Unithroid
Common Drug Interactions
- Calcium and iron supplements: These can reduce the absorption of Unithroid. Take these supplements at least 4 hours apart from your Unithroid dose.
- Cholestyramine: This cholesterol-lowering drug can interfere with Unithroid absorption.
- Antidepressants: Some medications, such as sertraline and tricyclic antidepressants, can increase the effects of levothyroxine.
- Warfarin: Levothyroxine can enhance the effects of blood thinners, increasing the risk of bleeding. Regular monitoring of INR levels is necessary.
Alternatives to Unithroid
- Synthroid: Another brand of levothyroxine, commonly used for thyroid hormone replacement.
- Levoxyl: Another brand of levothyroxine used for the same purposes as Unithroid.
- Armour Thyroid: A natural thyroid hormone replacement made from porcine thyroid glands, containing both T3 and T4.
- Liothyronine (Cytomel): A synthetic form of T3, used in certain cases where patients do not respond well to T4 alone.
