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Tivicay
Tivicay, the brand name for dolutegravir, is an antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV-1 infection in adults and children. It belongs to a class of drugs known as integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), which work by blocking an enzyme called HIV integrase that the virus needs to replicate and spread in the body. By preventing the virus from multiplying, Tivicay helps reduce the viral load, improve immune function, and decrease the risk of developing AIDS or other complications related to HIV. Tivicay is often used in combination with other antiretroviral medications to achieve the best outcomes.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Tivicay to start working?
Tivicay begins to reduce the viral load in the body within a few days of starting treatment, but it may take several weeks to months for the full effect to be seen, depending on individual response.
Can I take Tivicay with food?
Yes, Tivicay can be taken with or without food. However, avoid taking it with calcium- or magnesium-containing supplements or antacids without spacing them out.
Can I take Tivicay with food?
Yes, Tivicay can be taken with or without food. However, avoid taking it with calcium- or magnesium-containing supplements or antacids without spacing them out.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Tivicay?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for the next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and take the next one at the regular time. Do not take two doses at once.
Can Tivicay cure HIV?
No, Tivicay does not cure HIV. It helps control the virus by reducing the viral load and improving immune function, but it must be taken continuously as part of a lifelong treatment plan.
Can Tivicay cause weight gain?
Some patients have reported weight gain while taking Tivicay, though it is not a common side effect. If you experience significant weight changes, speak with your healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Tivicay Work?
Tivicay works by inhibiting HIV integrase, an enzyme that the virus uses to insert its genetic material into the DNA of human cells. By blocking this process, Tivicay prevents the replication of HIV, thereby reducing the viral load in the body. This helps protect the immune system from damage, allowing it to function more effectively and reducing the risk of opportunistic infections and other complications related to HIV.
Common Dosages
- 10 mg tablets
- 25 mg tablets
- 50 mg tablets
Typical Dosing
- For adults: The usual dose of Tivicay is 50 mg once daily in patients who are treatment-naive or 50 mg twice daily in patients with resistance to other integrase inhibitors.
- For children: The dose depends on weight, starting at 10 mg once daily for smaller children and adjusted accordingly.
Tivicay should be taken with or without food. The dosing schedule may vary based on the specific antiretroviral regimen and the patient's resistance profile.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents in adults and children aged 4 weeks and older weighing at least 3 kg.
Who Shouldn't Take Tivicay?
- Known hypersensitivity to dolutegravir or any component of the formulation.
- Concurrent use with dofetilide, a medication used to treat heart rhythm disorders, due to the risk of serious and life-threatening side effects.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Tivicay once daily, at the same time each day, with or without food. Be consistent with the timing to maintain steady drug levels in your body.
- Do not miss doses, as this can increase the risk of developing resistance to the medication. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is close to the next dose. Do not double up on doses.
- Avoid taking multivitamins or antacids containing aluminum, magnesium, or calcium within 6 hours before or 2 hours after taking Tivicay, as they can interfere with absorption.
- If you experience any unusual symptoms such as severe rash, difficulty breathing, or swelling, stop taking Tivicay and seek immediate medical attention, as these could be signs of a serious allergic reaction.
Side Effects of Tivicay
Common Side Effects
- Insomnia or trouble sleeping
- Headache
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rash, fever, liver issues)
- Liver problems (yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine)
- Increased risk of depression or suicidal thoughts, especially in patients with a history of mental health issues.
Risks and Warnings of Tivicay
- Hypersensitivity reactions: Tivicay can cause severe and potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions, which may include fever, rash, and organ involvement (such as liver damage). Discontinue use and seek medical attention if signs of a reaction occur.
- Liver toxicity: Patients with hepatitis B or C or pre-existing liver disease may be at higher risk of developing liver issues while on Tivicay. Regular monitoring of liver function tests is recommended.
- Mental health effects: Tivicay may increase the risk of depression or suicidal thoughts in some patients, particularly in those with a history of these conditions. Close monitoring is important, and any changes in mood should be reported to a healthcare provider.
Interactions with Tivicay
Common Drug Interactions
- Dofetilide: Tivicay should not be taken with dofetilide due to the risk of serious, potentially fatal interactions.
- Metformin: Tivicay can increase the levels of metformin in the blood, so close monitoring or dose adjustments may be necessary.
- Antacids or supplements: Avoid taking magnesium, aluminum, or calcium-containing products within 6 hours before or 2 hours after taking Tivicay, as these can interfere with absorption.
- Rifampin: This antibiotic can reduce the effectiveness of Tivicay, and a higher dose of Tivicay may be required.
Alternatives to Tivicay
- Biktarvy (bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide): A single-tablet regimen that includes an integrase inhibitor similar to Tivicay.
- Genvoya (elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide): A once-daily combination pill that includes an integrase inhibitor.
- Isentress (raltegravir): Another integrase strand transfer inhibitor used for the treatment of HIV in combination with other antiretroviral medications.
