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Isentress
Isentress is the brand name for raltegravir, an antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It is an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) that works by preventing the HIV virus from integrating its genetic material into the host cell's DNA, thereby inhibiting viral replication. Isentress is often used as part of a comprehensive antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen for individuals with HIV.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Isentress work?
Patients may start to see a reduction in viral load within a few weeks of starting Isentress as part of an antiretroviral regimen.
Can I take an Isentress with food?
Yes, Isentress can be taken with or without food. Taking it with food may help reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Isentress?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Is Isentress safe during pregnancy?
The safety of Isentress during pregnancy has been studied, and it is generally considered safe. However, discuss with your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Can I stop taking Isentress if my viral load becomes undetectable?
No, it is important to continue taking Isentress as prescribed, even if your viral load becomes undetectable. Stopping treatment can lead to viral rebound and resistance. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment regimen.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Isentress Work?
Raltegravir works by inhibiting the activity of the integrase enzyme, which is crucial for the integration of viral DNA into the host cell's genome. By blocking this step, Isentress prevents the replication of the virus and helps to reduce viral load in the body, allowing the immune system to recover and function more effectively.
Common Dosages
- Adults: 400 mg taken orally twice daily or 800 mg taken once daily.
- Children: The dosage is based on weight and should be determined by a healthcare provider.
Typical Dosing
- For HIV-1 treatment: Adults typically take 400 mg twice daily or 800 mg once daily. Pediatric dosing is weight-based and should be prescribed by a healthcare provider.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and children as part of a comprehensive antiretroviral regimen.
Who Shouldn't Take Isentress?
- Known hypersensitivity to raltegravir or any components of the formulation.
- Severe hepatic impairment (caution is advised).
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Isentress as prescribed: Follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage and timing. Consistent dosing is essential for effective viral suppression.
- Monitor for side effects: Common side effects may include headache, nausea, diarrhea, and fatigue. Report any severe or unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.
- Regular follow-up: Routine monitoring of viral load and CD4 counts is crucial to assess treatment efficacy.
- Store Isentress at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, and keep it out of reach of children.
Side Effects of Isentress
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Insomnia
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (e.g., rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing)
- Muscle problems: Such as myopathy or rhabdomyolysis, which can lead to kidney damage.
Risks and Warnings of Isentress
- Neuropsychiatric Effects: There have been reports of depression, suicidal thoughts, and other mood changes in some individuals taking Isentress. Patients should be monitored closely for any changes in mood or behavior.
- Muscle and Liver Health: Patients should be monitored for any signs of muscle pain or weakness and liver function during treatment, especially if they have a history of liver disease.
Interactions with Isentress
Common Drug Interactions
- Antacids: If taking antacids, they should be taken 2 hours before or after Isentress to avoid decreased absorption.
- Other antiretroviral medications: Be sure to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking to prevent potential interactions.
Alternatives to Isentress
- Other integrase inhibitors: Such as dolutegravir or bictegravir, which are also used for HIV treatment.
- Other classes of antiretroviral medications: Including NNRTIs (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) and NRTIs (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors).
