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Tenormin
Tenormin (generic name: atenolol) is a beta-blocker used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), angina (chest pain), and to improve survival after a heart attack. It works by blocking beta receptors in the heart, which slows down the heart rate and reduces the force of contraction, thereby lowering blood pressure and decreasing the heart's workload. Tenormin is often prescribed as part of a combination therapy for heart-related conditions.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Tenormin to start working?
Tenormin may begin to lower blood pressure within 1 to 2 hours of the first dose, but the full effect may take 1 to 2 weeks. For angina, the benefits are typically seen within a few days.
Can I stop taking Tenormin once my blood pressure is controlled?
No, you should not stop taking Tenormin without consulting your healthcare provider. Stopping abruptly can cause a dangerous rise in blood pressure or worsening of chest pain.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Tenormin?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one at your regular time. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.
Can I take Tenormin with other heart medications?
Yes, Tenormin is often prescribed with other heart medications. However, you should always follow your doctor’s instructions and monitor for side effects, as combining heart medications can increase the risk of low blood pressure or slow heart rate.
Can Tenormin cause weight gain?
Weight gain is not a common side effect of Tenormin, but some patients may experience fluid retention or swelling, which can cause a slight increase in weight. If you notice sudden weight gain, it’s important to talk to your doctor.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Tenormin Work?
Tenormin blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, preventing the effects of adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline. This action reduces the heart rate, lowers blood pressure, and decreases the heart’s oxygen demand, making it effective for treating high blood pressure, chest pain, and heart attack recovery.
Common Dosages
- 25 mg
- 50 mg
- 100 mg
Typical Dosing
- For hypertension: The typical starting dose is 50 mg once daily, which may be increased to 100 mg once daily depending on the patient’s response and blood pressure goals.
- For angina: The usual dose is 50 mg to 100 mg once daily, depending on the severity of symptoms.
- For post-heart attack: Dosing typically begins with 50 mg after the event, which may be increased based on the patient's recovery.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Hypertension: To lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems.
- Angina: To manage chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.
- Post-heart attack: To improve survival rates following a heart attack by reducing the strain on the heart.
Who Shouldn't Take Tenormin?
- Severe bradycardia (slow heart rate)
- Heart block greater than the first degree
- Cardiogenic shock
- Uncompensated heart failure
- Hypersensitivity to atenolol or any components of the medication
- Severe hypotension
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Tenormin at the same time each day to maintain steady levels in the body. It can be taken with or without food.
- Avoid stopping Tenormin abruptly, as this can lead to a rapid increase in blood pressure or chest pain, especially in people with heart disease. Always taper the dose under medical supervision if discontinuation is necessary.
- Monitor your pulse regularly, and report any unusually slow heart rate or symptoms such as dizziness or fainting to your healthcare provider.
- Limit alcohol consumption, as it can amplify the blood pressure-lowering effects of Tenormin and increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness or fainting.
- Tenormin may mask the symptoms of low blood sugar in diabetic patients. Close blood sugar monitoring is recommended if you have diabetes.
Side Effects of Tenormin
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fatigue
- Cold hands or feet
- Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
- Nausea
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Worsening of heart failure symptoms (shortness of breath, swelling of the ankles or feet)
- Severe bradycardia (slow heart rate)
- Hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Tenormin
- Abrupt Discontinuation: Stopping Tenormin suddenly can cause a sharp increase in blood pressure, chest pain (angina), or even a heart attack. Gradual dose reduction under medical supervision is recommended.
- Heart Failure: Tenormin can worsen symptoms of heart failure in some patients, especially if the dose is too high or increased too rapidly.
- Respiratory Caution: Although Tenormin is selective for beta-1 receptors in the heart, it may affect beta-2 receptors in the lungs at higher doses, potentially causing bronchospasm in individuals with asthma or other respiratory conditions.
- Pregnancy: Tenormin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits outweigh the risks, as it may cause harm to the fetus.
Interactions with Tenormin
Common Drug Interactions
- Calcium channel blockers: Combining Tenormin with drugs like verapamil or diltiazem can result in excessive slowing of the heart rate and worsening of heart function.
- NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) may reduce the blood pressure-lowering effects of Tenormin.
- Insulin and antidiabetic medications: Tenormin may mask the symptoms of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in diabetic patients, requiring careful blood sugar monitoring.
- Clonidine: If switching from clonidine to Tenormin, the clonidine should be gradually discontinued to avoid rebound high blood pressure.
Alternatives to Tenormin
- Metoprolol (Lopressor): Another beta-blocker often used for high blood pressure, angina, and heart attack recovery.
- Carvedilol (Coreg): A beta-blocker with additional alpha-blocking effects, often used for heart failure and high blood pressure.
- Lisinopril: An ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure, particularly in patients who cannot tolerate beta-blockers.
- Amlodipine: A calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure and angina.
