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Telmisartan-HCTZ
Telmisartan-HCTZ is a combination medication used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). It combines telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), a thiazide diuretic (water pill). Telmisartan helps relax blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood, while hydrochlorothiazide helps the body get rid of excess salt and water. Together, these medications help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of strokes and heart attacks.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Telmisartan-HCTZ to work?
It may take 2 to 4 weeks to see the full effects of Telmisartan-HCTZ on blood pressure. You should continue taking it as prescribed, even if you don’t feel an immediate improvement.
Can I take Telmisartan-HCTZ at night?
Yes, Telmisartan-HCTZ can be taken at any time of day, but taking it in the morning is often preferred because of its diuretic effect, which increases urination.
Do I need to monitor my potassium levels while taking Telmisartan-HCTZ?
Yes, hydrochlorothiazide can lower potassium levels, so your doctor may periodically check your blood potassium levels, especially if you're at risk for low potassium.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Telmisartan-HCTZ?
Alcohol can lower your blood pressure and increase the risk of dizziness or fainting when combined with Telmisartan-HCTZ. It is best to limit alcohol consumption or avoid it altogether.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Telmisartan-HCTZ?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Telmisartan-HCTZ Work?
- Telmisartan works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a substance in the body that causes blood vessels to tighten. By preventing angiotensin II from binding to its receptors, telmisartan relaxes the blood vessels, lowering blood pressure.
- Hydrochlorothiazide increases urine production by helping the kidneys eliminate excess salt and water from the body, which also helps to lower blood pressure.
Common Dosages
- 40 mg telmisartan / 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide
- 80 mg telmisartan / 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide
- 80 mg telmisartan / 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide
Typical Dosing
- Adults: One tablet is typically taken once daily, with or without food. The dosage may vary based on the severity of hypertension and the patient’s response to the treatment.
- Adjustments: Your doctor may adjust the dose depending on how well you tolerate the medication and your blood pressure goals.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Hypertension: Used to lower blood pressure in patients who require combination therapy for better blood pressure control.
Who Shouldn't Take Telmisartan-HCTZ?
- Hypersensitivity to telmisartan, hydrochlorothiazide, or any other components of the medication
- Severe kidney impairment
- Anuria (inability to produce urine)
- Severe liver disease
- Allergy to sulfonamides (HCTZ is a sulfonamide derivative)
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Telmisartan-HCTZ consistently, at the same time every day, to maintain steady levels in your system.
- Monitor your blood pressure regularly to ensure the medication is working effectively.
- Stay hydrated, but avoid excessive salt intake, which can counteract the effects of the medication.
- This medication may make you more sensitive to the sun, so wear sunscreen or protective clothing when outdoors.
- If you experience dizziness, especially after standing up quickly, avoid sudden movements and rise slowly.
Side Effects of Telmisartan-HCTZ
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when first starting the medication
- Increased urination
- Fatigue
- Muscle cramps
- Low potassium levels (hypokalemia)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (swelling, difficulty breathing)
- Electrolyte imbalances (low sodium, potassium, or magnesium levels)
- Kidney problems or worsening of existing kidney disease
- Angioedema (swelling under the skin, particularly around the eyes or lips)
Risks and Warnings of Telmisartan-HCTZ
- Dehydration: Since hydrochlorothiazide increases urine output, it may cause dehydration or electrolyte imbalances, especially in hot weather or if you're not drinking enough fluids.
- Kidney function: Regular monitoring of kidney function is advised, especially for those with pre-existing kidney disease.
- Pregnancy: Telmisartan-HCTZ can harm an unborn baby, particularly in the second and third trimesters. It should not be used during pregnancy.
- Electrolyte Imbalances: The hydrochlorothiazide component can cause low potassium levels, leading to symptoms like weakness, fatigue, or irregular heartbeats.
Interactions with Telmisartan-HCTZ
Common Drug Interactions
- Potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics: Combining these with Telmisartan-HCTZ may lead to high potassium levels (hyperkalemia).
- NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen, can reduce the blood pressure-lowering effects of Telmisartan-HCTZ.
- Lithium: Hydrochlorothiazide may increase lithium levels in the blood, leading to toxicity.
- Antidiabetic medications: HCTZ may raise blood sugar levels, requiring adjustments in diabetes medications.
Alternatives to Telmisartan-HCTZ
- Losartan-HCTZ: Another combination of an ARB with hydrochlorothiazide, used for similar purposes.
- Valsartan-HCTZ: A combination of valsartan, an ARB, and hydrochlorothiazide.
- Lisinopril-HCTZ: A combination of an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic, used for hypertension.
- Amlodipine: A calcium channel blocker that can be used as an alternative for blood pressure management.
