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Stalevo 75
Stalevo 75 is a combination medication used to treat symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, a neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement. It contains three active ingredients: levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone. Levodopa is converted into dopamine in the brain, which helps improve movement and alleviate symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and slow movements. Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa before it reaches the brain, enhancing its effectiveness. Entacapone further extends the effect of levodopa by inhibiting catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme that breaks down levodopa.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Stalevo 75 to start working?
Stalevo 75 typically starts working within 30 to 60 minutes after taking a dose. However, the exact onset may vary based on individual response.
Can I stop taking Stalevo 75 if my symptoms improve?
No, do not stop taking Stalevo 75 suddenly. Stopping it abruptly can lead to serious complications such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Always consult your doctor before making changes to your medication.
Can I take Stalevo 75 with food?
Yes, Stalevo 75 can be taken with or without food, but taking it with food may help reduce nausea. However, avoid high-protein meals close to your dose, as protein can interfere with levodopa absorption.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Stalevo 75?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at your regular time. Do not double up doses.
Can Stalevo 75 cause compulsive behaviors?
Yes, Stalevo 75 can lead to impulse control problems, such as compulsive gambling, shopping, or eating. If you notice any changes in behavior, notify your healthcare provider immediately.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Stalevo 75 Work?
- Levodopa: Increases dopamine levels in the brain, improving movement and reducing symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.
- Carbidopa: Inhibits the enzyme that breaks down levodopa before it crosses the blood-brain barrier, allowing more levodopa to reach the brain.
- Entacapone: Inhibits COMT, an enzyme that breaks down levodopa in the body, prolonging its effect.
Together, these components help control motor symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease by boosting and maintaining dopamine levels in the brain.
Common Dosages
- 75 mg of levodopa
- 18.75 mg of carbidopa
- 200 mg of entacapone
Typical Dosing
- The usual dosing is one tablet per dose, taken up to 8 times daily, depending on the patient’s needs and the severity of symptoms.
- Stalevo 75 can be taken with or without food, but taking it with food may help reduce nausea.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- The treatment of Parkinson’s disease in patients who experience "wearing-off" effects (the gradual loss of effectiveness of levodopa between doses).
Who Shouldn't Take Stalevo 75?
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe liver disease
- Hypersensitivity to levodopa, carbidopa, entacapone, or any components of the medication.
- A history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) or rhabdomyolysis
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Stalevo 75 exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not stop taking it abruptly, as this could cause serious withdrawal symptoms such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS).
- Avoid high-protein meals when taking Stalevo, as protein can interfere with the absorption of levodopa and reduce its effectiveness.
- Stalevo may cause dark-colored urine, sweat, or saliva, which is harmless but may stain clothing. This is a common side effect of entacapone.
Side Effects of Stalevo 75
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Diarrhea
- Dry mouth
- Muscle cramps
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Dyskinesia: Uncontrolled movements, which may occur when the dosage is too high.
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): Symptoms include fever, muscle rigidity, and confusion. This condition requires immediate medical attention.
- Hallucinations or confusion, particularly in older patients.
- Compulsive behaviors such as gambling or binge eating.
Risks and Warnings of Stalevo 75
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS): Abrupt discontinuation or rapid dose reduction of Stalevo 75 can lead to NMS, a life-threatening condition marked by muscle rigidity, fever, and altered mental status.
- Compulsive Behaviors: Patients may experience compulsive behaviors such as gambling, binge eating, or increased sexual urges. If these behaviors arise, notify your healthcare provider.
- Dyskinesia: Long-term use of levodopa can lead to the development of uncontrolled movements. Adjusting the dose may help manage this side effect.
Interactions with Stalevo 75
Common Drug Interactions
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Stalevo 75 should not be used with non-selective MAOIs (e.g., phenelzine, tranylcypromine), as this can lead to dangerously high blood pressure.
- Antihypertensive medications: Stalevo can lower blood pressure, and combining it with blood pressure-lowering medications may increase the risk of hypotension.
- Iron supplements: Iron can interfere with the absorption of levodopa, so it is recommended to take iron supplements and Stalevo at least 2 hours apart.
Alternatives to Stalevo 75
- Sinemet (levodopa/carbidopa): A similar combination used for Parkinson’s disease but without the addition of entacapone.
- Comtan (entacapone): Can be added to a regimen of levodopa/carbidopa to prolong the effect of levodopa.
- Rytary (extended-release levodopa/carbidopa): A longer-acting form of levodopa/carbidopa used to reduce "off" periods.
- Requip (ropinirole): A dopamine agonist used in combination with levodopa or as monotherapy for Parkinson’s disease.
