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Stalevo 150
Stalevo 150 is a combination medication containing levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone. It is used to treat Parkinson’s disease, a neurological disorder that affects movement. Levodopa is converted into dopamine in the brain, helping to improve muscle control and movement. Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa before it reaches the brain, allowing more levodopa to be effective. Entacapone helps prolong the effects of levodopa by inhibiting an enzyme called COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase), which breaks down dopamine. Together, these components help manage symptoms like tremors, stiffness, and slowness of movement in Parkinson's patients.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does Stalevo take to start working?
Stalevo typically begins working within 30 minutes to an hour, though the timing can vary based on individual response and the stage of Parkinson’s disease.
Can I stop taking Stalevo if I feel better?
No, do not stop taking Stalevo without consulting your doctor. Abruptly stopping can cause serious side effects like neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS).
What should I do if I miss a dose of Stalevo?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s close to the time for your next dose. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
Is Stalevo safe for long-term use?
Yes, Stalevo is used for long-term management of Parkinson’s disease. However, long-term use may lead to side effects like dyskinesia or hallucinations, so regular monitoring by your doctor is important.
Can Stalevo be taken with other Parkinson's medications?
Yes, Stalevo can be used alongside other Parkinson’s medications, such as dopamine agonists or MAO-B inhibitors. However, always follow your healthcare provider's instructions to avoid interactions or complications.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Stalevo 150 Work?
- Levodopa: A precursor of dopamine, it crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted to dopamine, which is deficient in Parkinson’s disease.
- Carbidopa: Prevents the peripheral breakdown of levodopa, allowing more levodopa to reach the brain.
- Entacapone: Inhibits COMT, an enzyme that breaks down dopamine, thereby increasing and prolonging the availability of levodopa in the brain.
Together, these actions help alleviate motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease.
Common Dosages
- 150 mg of levodopa
- 37.5 mg of carbidopa
- 200 mg of entacapone
Typical Dosing
- The dosing of Stalevo 150 varies depending on individual patient needs. Typically, it is taken up to 8 times per day, with doses spaced according to the patient’s response to treatment.
- Stalevo should be taken at the same time as food or shortly after eating to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Parkinson’s disease in patients experiencing "wearing-off" symptoms of levodopa therapy, where the effectiveness of levodopa fades between doses.
Who Shouldn't Take Stalevo 150?
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe liver disease
- Hypersensitivity to levodopa, carbidopa, entacapone, or any of its components.
- History of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) or rhabdomyolysis.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Stalevo 150 as prescribed by your doctor, preferably with or immediately after meals to help prevent nausea.
- Do not abruptly stop taking Stalevo, as this can cause serious side effects, including neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS).
- If you experience a sudden return of symptoms (wearing-off effect), inform your healthcare provider, as your dosage or medication schedule may need to be adjusted.
- Be cautious of changes in body fluids, such as dark-colored saliva, urine, or sweat. These are harmless but can cause staining of clothing.
Side Effects of Stalevo 150
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Dark-colored urine or saliva
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): A rare but serious reaction that includes high fever, muscle stiffness, and altered mental state.
- Dyskinesia: Uncontrolled, involuntary movements.
- Hallucinations or confusion: More common in elderly patients or those with advanced Parkinson's disease.
Risks and Warnings of Stalevo 150
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: Stopping Stalevo suddenly or significantly reducing the dose can result in this potentially life-threatening condition.
- Compulsive Behaviors: Stalevo has been associated with increased risk of compulsive behaviors, such as gambling, eating, or sexual urges. Report any unusual behavior changes to your healthcare provider.
- Dyskinesia: Long-term use of Stalevo can cause or worsen involuntary movements (dyskinesia). Your doctor may adjust your dosage if this occurs.
Interactions with Stalevo 150
Common Drug Interactions
- MAO inhibitors: Combining Stalevo with non-selective MAO inhibitors (such as phenelzine) can result in dangerous interactions, including high blood pressure.
- Antihypertensive medications: Stalevo may increase the risk of low blood pressure when taken with blood pressure-lowering medications.
- Iron supplements: Taking iron along with Stalevo can reduce the absorption of the medication. Separate these medications by at least 2 hours.
Alternatives to Stalevo 150
- Sinemet (levodopa/carbidopa): A commonly prescribed combination for managing Parkinson’s symptoms, but without the COMT inhibitor entacapone.
- Comtan (entacapone): Often used in combination with levodopa/carbidopa to extend the action of levodopa.
- Rytary: An extended-release formulation of levodopa/carbidopa for smoother management of motor symptoms.
- Requip (ropinirole): A dopamine agonist used as monotherapy or adjunct therapy in Parkinson’s disease.
