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Stalevo 100
Stalevo 100 is a combination medication used to treat Parkinson’s disease, a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement. It contains three active ingredients: levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone. Levodopa is converted into dopamine in the brain, helping to improve muscle control and reduce symptoms like tremors, stiffness, and slowness of movement. Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa before it reaches the brain, and entacapone prolongs the effect of levodopa by inhibiting COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase), an enzyme that breaks down levodopa.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Stalevo 100 start working?
Stalevo 100 usually starts working within 30 minutes to an hour after taking a dose. However, the onset of action may vary depending on individual response.
Can I stop taking Stalevo 100 if I feel better?
No, do not stop taking Stalevo 100 suddenly. Stopping abruptly can cause severe withdrawal symptoms, including neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Consult your doctor before making any changes to your medication.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Stalevo 100?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take extra doses to make up for missed ones.
Can I take Stalevo 100 with other Parkinson’s medications?
Yes, Stalevo 100 can be used in combination with other Parkinson’s medications, such as dopamine agonists or MAO-B inhibitors. Your healthcare provider will determine the most appropriate combination based on your symptoms.
Can Stalevo 100 cause weight gain?
Stalevo 100 itself is not typically associated with weight gain, but the combination of medications used to treat Parkinson’s disease can sometimes lead to changes in weight.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Stalevo 100 Work?
- Levodopa: A precursor of dopamine that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine, which is deficient in Parkinson’s disease.
- Carbidopa: Inhibits the enzyme that breaks down levodopa in the bloodstream, ensuring more levodopa reaches the brain.
- Entacapone: Inhibits COMT, an enzyme that breaks down levodopa, prolonging its effects and improving symptom control.
Together, these ingredients help increase and maintain dopamine levels in the brain, improving motor function and alleviating the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.
Common Dosages
- 100 mg of levodopa
- 25 mg of carbidopa
- 200 mg of entacapone
Typical Dosing
- Stalevo 100 is typically taken up to 8 times daily, depending on the patient's needs and how well symptoms are managed. The medication should be taken with or without food, but it is often recommended to take it with food to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort.
- Dosing schedules are personalized based on the patient’s response to the medication and their specific stage of Parkinson’s disease.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Parkinson’s disease in patients experiencing "wearing-off" symptoms, where the effectiveness of levodopa diminishes between doses.
Who Shouldn't Take Stalevo 100?
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe liver disease
- Hypersensitivity to levodopa, carbidopa, entacapone, or any other ingredients in the medication.
- History of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) or rhabdomyolysis.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Stalevo 100 as prescribed by your doctor and follow a regular dosing schedule.
- Do not stop taking Stalevo 100 abruptly, as this can cause serious withdrawal effects such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS).
- If the medication causes nausea, taking it with food may help. However, avoid high-protein meals, as they may interfere with the absorption of levodopa.
- You may notice that your urine, sweat, or saliva turns dark-colored, which is a harmless side effect but may stain clothing.
Side Effects of Stalevo 100
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Muscle cramps or stiffness
- Dark-colored urine or saliva
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): Symptoms include fever, muscle stiffness, and confusion.
- Dyskinesia: Uncontrolled, involuntary movements, which may become worse over time.
- Hallucinations or confusion, particularly in elderly patients.
- Increased risk of compulsive behaviors, such as gambling or binge eating.
Risks and Warnings of Stalevo 100
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS): Stopping Stalevo 100 suddenly can result in this life-threatening condition. Always consult your doctor before changing or stopping the medication.
- Compulsive Behaviors: Patients taking Stalevo 100 may experience increased compulsive behaviors, such as gambling or excessive eating. If this occurs, contact your healthcare provider.
- Dyskinesia: Long-term use of levodopa can cause or worsen involuntary movements. This risk increases as the disease progresses and higher doses of levodopa are needed.
Interactions with Stalevo 100
Common Drug Interactions
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Stalevo 100 should not be taken with MAO inhibitors (such as phenelzine or tranylcypromine), as this can result in dangerously high blood pressure.
- Antihypertensives: Using Stalevo 100 with medications that lower blood pressure can increase the risk of hypotension (low blood pressure), leading to dizziness and fainting.
- Iron supplements: Iron can reduce the absorption of levodopa, so it is recommended to space out doses by at least 2 hours.
Alternatives to Stalevo 100
- Sinemet (levodopa/carbidopa): A combination medication without entacapone, used for managing Parkinson’s disease.
- Comtan (entacapone): This medication can be used in combination with levodopa/carbidopa to prolong the effects of levodopa.
- Rytary: An extended-release formulation of levodopa/carbidopa that provides more consistent symptom control throughout the day.
- Requip (ropinirole): A dopamine agonist that can be used alone or in combination with levodopa to manage Parkinson’s disease symptoms.
