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Keido
Keido (generic name: sodium phenylbutyrate) is a medication primarily used to treat urea cycle disorders (UCDs). These are genetic disorders that prevent the body from removing ammonia, a toxic byproduct of protein metabolism. Keido works by providing an alternative pathway for ammonia removal, thereby helping to lower ammonia levels in the blood. It is often used in conjunction with dietary management to control protein intake.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Keido to work?
The effects of Keido in reducing blood ammonia levels may be seen relatively quickly, but individual response times can vary.
Can Keido be taken during pregnancy?
Consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, as the safety of Keido during pregnancy has not been fully established.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Keido?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it's close to the time of your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Are there any dietary restrictions while taking Keido?
A diet low in protein may be recommended to help manage ammonia levels, and dietary guidance should be followed as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Is Keido safe for long-term use?
Keido can be safe for long-term use under medical supervision, with regular monitoring to ensure effective management of ammonia levels and liver function.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Keido Work?
- Facilitates the excretion of nitrogen in the form of phenylacetylglutamine, thereby reducing ammonia levels in the blood.
- Reduces ammonia toxicity and alleviates symptoms associated with urea cycle disorders.
Common Dosages
- The starting dose is usually around 10 to 15 grams per day, divided into several doses, and may be adjusted based on the effectiveness and tolerance.
Typical Dosing
- For urea cycle disorders: Patients typically take 10-15 grams per day, divided into 2-4 doses, with adjustments made based on blood ammonia levels and clinical response.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of urea cycle disorders due to deficiencies of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, ornithine transcarbamylase, or argininosuccinate synthetase.
Who Shouldn't Take Keido?
- Known hypersensitivity to sodium phenylbutyrate or any components of the formulation.
- Severe liver disease, as it may exacerbate hepatic conditions.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Keido exactly as prescribed, and do not adjust the dose without consulting your healthcare provider.
- It can be taken with or without food; however, consistency in the method of administration is advised.
- Regular monitoring of blood ammonia levels is essential to ensure the medication is effectively managing the condition.
- Maintain a balanced diet as recommended by your healthcare provider, particularly in relation to protein intake.
Side Effects of Keido
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Allergic reactions (such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing)
- Changes in liver function, requiring monitoring through blood tests.
Risks and Warnings of Keido
- Monitoring: Regular monitoring of liver function and blood ammonia levels is essential for patients taking Keido.
- Allergic Reactions: Be aware of signs of an allergic reaction, and seek medical attention if they occur.
- Hydration: Maintaining adequate hydration is important, particularly during periods of illness or stress, which may increase ammonia levels.
Interactions with Keido
Common Drug Interactions
- Other medications: Inform your healthcare provider of all medications, supplements, and over-the-counter drugs you are taking, as they may interact with Keido or affect liver function.
- Dietary supplements: Some dietary supplements may also affect ammonia levels and should be discussed with your healthcare provider.
Alternatives to Keido
- Arginine: In certain UCDs, arginine supplementation may be beneficial.
- Other nitrogen scavengers: Such as citrate and glycerol phenylbutyrate (a newer alternative to sodium phenylbutyrate).
- Dietary management: Reducing protein intake can help lower ammonia production and may be used in conjunction with Keido.
