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Indocin
Indocin (indomethacin) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain, swelling, and inflammation caused by various conditions, including arthritis, tendinitis, and gouty arthritis. It works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, substances in the body that mediate inflammation and pain, making it effective for managing inflammatory disorders.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Indocin to start working?
Patients may begin to feel relief within a few hours, but it may take several days for the full benefits to be realized for conditions like arthritis or gout.
Can I take Indocin with other medications?
Always consult your healthcare provider before combining Indocin with other medications, especially other NSAIDs, blood thinners, or medications that affect kidney function.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Indocin?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it's close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Is it safe to use Indocin during pregnancy?
Indocin should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed, and the risks and benefits should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Can Indocin cause weight gain?
Weight gain can occur as a side effect due to fluid retention; patients should monitor their weight and discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Indocin Work?
Indocin works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandins. By blocking these enzymes, Indocin reduces the production of prostaglandins, leading to decreased inflammation, pain relief, and reduced fever.
Common Dosages
- Capsules: 25 mg and 50 mg
- Suppositories: 50 mg
- Oral suspension: 25 mg/5 mL
Typical Dosing
- The usual starting dose for adults may range from 50 to 75 mg per day, divided into two or three doses, depending on the condition being treated.
- For acute gout attacks, higher doses (up to 150 mg per day) may be used initially, followed by tapering as symptoms improve.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Acute gouty arthritis
- Bursitis and tendinitis
- Pain and inflammation associated with other musculoskeletal disorders
Who Shouldn't Take Indocin?
- Known hypersensitivity to indomethacin or any components of the formulation
- Active gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration
- Severe renal impairment
- History of asthma or allergic reactions to NSAIDs
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Indocin should be taken with food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal irritation.
- Patients should be monitored for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, such as black or tarry stools, and should report any severe abdominal pain.
- Gradual dosage adjustments may be needed based on the patient's response and side effects.
Side Effects of Indocin
Common Side Effects
- Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Stomach pain
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
- Gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration
- Increased blood pressure
Risks and Warnings of Indocin
- Gastrointestinal Risks: Indocin can cause serious gastrointestinal issues, including bleeding, ulceration, and perforation.
- Cardiovascular Risks: Long-term use may increase the risk of heart attack or stroke, particularly in individuals with existing heart disease.
- Renal Effects: Monitor kidney function in patients taking Indocin, especially those with pre-existing kidney issues.
Interactions with Indocin
Common Drug Interactions
- Anticoagulants: Indocin may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with blood thinners like warfarin.
- Other NSAIDs: Using multiple NSAIDs concurrently can increase the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
- Diuretics and ACE Inhibitors: Indocin may reduce the effectiveness of these medications.
Alternatives to Indocin
- Naproxen: Another NSAID commonly used for pain and inflammation.
- Ibuprofen: A widely used NSAID for various inflammatory conditions.
- Celecoxib (Celebrex): A COX-2 selective inhibitor that may have a lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
