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Epidiolex
Epidiolex (generic name: cannabidiol) is an anticonvulsant medication used to treat seizures associated with certain rare forms of epilepsy, including Dravet syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC). Epidiolex is derived from cannabis and contains cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive component of the plant, meaning it does not cause a "high." It works by interacting with receptors in the brain to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Does Epidiolex cause a "high"?
No, Epidiolex contains cannabidiol (CBD), which is a non-psychoactive component of cannabis and does not cause a high.
How long does it take for Epidiolex to start working?
It may take several weeks of consistent use to notice a significant reduction in seizure frequency.
Can Epidiolex be used with other seizure medications?
Yes, Epidiolex is often used in combination with other anticonvulsants to better manage seizure activity.
Does Epidiolex interact with food?
Epidiolex can be taken with or without food, but it’s best to take it the same way consistently to maintain stable drug levels in the body.
Does Epidiolex require liver monitoring?
Yes, liver function should be monitored regularly during Epidiolex treatment, especially at higher doses or when combined with other medications like valproate.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Epidiolex Work?
The exact mechanism of action of Epidiolex in treating seizures is not fully understood. It is believed to work by modulating endocannabinoid receptors in the brain and reducing excessive neural activity that leads to seizures.
Common Dosages
- Oral solution: 100 mg/mL
Typical Dosing
- Starting dose: 2.5 mg/kg twice daily, which may be increased to a maintenance dose of 5 mg/kg twice daily.
- The dose can be further increased based on the patient's response, up to a maximum of 20 mg/kg/day.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS)
- Dravet syndrome
- Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)
Who Shouldn't Take Epidiolex?
- Severe liver impairment without proper dose adjustments.
- Known hypersensitivity to cannabidiol or any components of the formulation.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Epidiolex exactly as prescribed. Measure the dose using the provided syringe to ensure accuracy.
- Epidiolex can be taken with or without food, but be consistent in the timing of doses with regard to food intake.
- Routine liver function tests are recommended, especially during the first few months of treatment.
- Report any signs of liver problems (e.g., jaundice, dark urine) to your healthcare provider immediately.
Side Effects of Epidiolex
Common Side Effects
- Sleepiness
- Decreased appetite
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Liver damage
- Suicidal thoughts or behaviors
- Severe allergic reactions
Risks and Warnings of Epidiolex
- Liver Monitoring: Epidiolex can cause liver damage, particularly in higher doses. Regular liver function tests are recommended to monitor for signs of liver toxicity.
- Sedation: Epidiolex may cause drowsiness, especially when taken with other CNS depressants or anticonvulsants.
- Suicidal Ideation: Like other anticonvulsants, Epidiolex may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in some patients.
Interactions with Epidiolex
Common Drug Interactions
- Valproate: Co-administration with valproate can increase the risk of liver damage.
- CNS depressants: Combining Epidiolex with other drugs that depress the central nervous system can increase drowsiness and sedation.
- Warfarin: Cannabidiol may increase the effects of warfarin, requiring closer monitoring of blood clotting times.
Alternatives to Epidiolex
- Topamax (topiramate): An anticonvulsant used to treat seizures and prevent migraines.
- Keppra (levetiracetam): Another anticonvulsant used to manage seizures.
- Fintepla (fenfluramine): A drug approved to treat seizures in patients with Dravet syndrome.
