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Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF
Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF is a combination medication used to treat HIV-1 infection in adults and children aged 12 years and older. It contains efavirenz (a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or NNRTI), emtricitabine (a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or NRTI), and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF, another NRTI). These three medications work together to reduce the amount of HIV in the blood, helping to improve immune function and reduce the risk of developing complications associated with HIV.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF to start working?
Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF starts working immediately to reduce HIV replication, but it may take several weeks to see a significant decrease in viral load. Regular blood tests will monitor progress.
Can Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF cure HIV?
No, Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF does not cure HIV. However, it helps control the virus, allowing patients to live longer, healthier lives while reducing the risk of transmission.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double up on doses.
Can I take Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF with food?
It is recommended to take this medication on an empty stomach, as taking it with food may increase the risk of side effects like dizziness and drowsiness.
Is Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF safe for long-term use?
Yes, Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF is generally safe for long-term use under medical supervision. However, regular monitoring of liver and kidney function is important to ensure the medication remains safe.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF Work?
The combination of efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir works by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that HIV uses to replicate and infect new cells. Efavirenz works as an NNRTI, while emtricitabine and tenofovir act as NRTIs, together helping to prevent the virus from multiplying, thereby lowering the viral load and increasing CD4 (immune) cell counts.
Common Dosages
- Tablets: Efavirenz 600 mg / Emtricitabine 200 mg / Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg
Typical Dosing
- For HIV treatment: The recommended dose is one tablet taken once daily on an empty stomach, preferably at bedtime to reduce side effects such as dizziness or drowsiness.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
HIV-1 infection in adults and children aged 12 years and older, as part of antiretroviral combination therapy.
Who Shouldn't Take Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF?
- Known hypersensitivity to efavirenz, emtricitabine, tenofovir, or any of the components of the medication
- Severe liver impairment
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF exactly as prescribed, once daily on an empty stomach, preferably at bedtime to reduce the risk of dizziness and other side effects.
- Avoid missing doses, as doing so can lead to the development of drug-resistant HIV strains, reducing the effectiveness of the medication.
- If you experience mood changes, depression, or thoughts of self-harm, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
- Regular monitoring of liver and kidney function is recommended during treatment, as efavirenz and tenofovir can affect these organs.
Side Effects of Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Headache
- Insomnia
- Rash
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Liver toxicity (yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine)
- Lactic acidosis (severe fatigue, difficulty breathing)
- Kidney problems (decreased urine output, swelling)
Risks and Warnings of Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF
- Liver Toxicity: Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF can cause liver damage, particularly in individuals with a history of liver disease or hepatitis B infection. Regular liver function monitoring is recommended.
- Psychiatric Symptoms: Efavirenz may cause or worsen psychiatric symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts. Close monitoring is needed, especially during the early stages of treatment.
- Bone Loss: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate may lead to decreased bone density, particularly with long-term use. Patients with a history of osteoporosis should be monitored.
Interactions with Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF
Common Drug Interactions
- Anticonvulsants: Medications like phenytoin and carbamazepine may reduce the effectiveness of Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF.
- Hormonal contraceptives: Efavirenz may reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills. Consider using a barrier method of contraception.
- Rifampin: Combining Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF with rifampin can reduce the levels of efavirenz, requiring dose adjustments.
Alternatives to Efavirenz-Emtricitab-Tenofo DF
- Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir alafenamide (Biktarvy): A single-tablet regimen combining an integrase inhibitor with two NRTIs, offering a simplified treatment option.
- Dolutegravir/Abacavir/Lamivudine (Triumeq): Another single-tablet regimen combining an integrase inhibitor with two NRTIs, used for HIV-1 treatment.
- Rilpivirine/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir alafenamide (Odefsey): A combination of NNRTI and NRTIs used for HIV treatment in patients with a low viral load.
