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Diastat Pediatric
Diastat Pediatric (diazepam rectal gel) is a benzodiazepine specifically formulated for children to treat seizure emergencies, including acute repetitive seizures or cluster seizures in pediatric patients with epilepsy. This medication provides rapid relief during seizure episodes and is administered rectally, making it useful in situations where oral administration is not feasible due to an ongoing seizure.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Diastat Pediatric work?
Diastat Pediatric typically begins to stop seizure activity within 10 to 15 minutes after administration.
How often can Diastat Pediatric be used?
Diastat Pediatric is intended for emergency use only and should not be administered more than once in a 24-hour period without specific guidance from a healthcare provider.
What should I do if the seizure does not stop after using Diastat Pediatric?
If the seizure does not stop after administering Diastat Pediatric, or if the child experiences difficulty breathing, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
Can Diastat Pediatric be used regularly to prevent seizures?
No, Diastat Pediatric is used only for acute seizure emergencies and is not intended for regular use to prevent seizures.
How should I store Diastat Pediatric?
Store Diastat Pediatric at room temperature in its original packaging. Ensure it is kept out of reach of children and never used after its expiration date.
Can Diastat Pediatric cause drowsiness?
Yes, drowsiness is a common side effect, and children may experience significant sedation after the medication is administered.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Diastat Pediatric Work?
Diastat Pediatric works by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps reduce excessive electrical activity in the brain, which leads to seizures. By increasing GABA's effects, the drug helps calm the brain, stopping seizures quickly and preventing further seizure activity.
What is Diastat Pediatric Used For?
Treatment of seizure clusters (acute repetitive seizures) in children with epilepsy aged 2 years and older
Common Dosages
Diastat Pediatric is available in adjustable dosing options, including:
- 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, and 20 mg rectal gel
Typical Dosing
Pediatric Dosing
The dosage of Diastat Pediatric is individualized based on the child’s weight and seizure history. The healthcare provider will determine the appropriate dose, and caregivers are trained to administer it during seizure emergencies.
Who Shouldn't Take Diastat Pediatric?
Diastat Pediatric should not be used in children with:
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe respiratory insufficiency
- Known hypersensitivity to diazepam or any other benzodiazepines
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Diastat Pediatric is used during seizure emergencies only. Ensure that caregivers are properly trained in how to administer the rectal gel, and keep the medication readily accessible for use in emergencies.
- Monitor the child closely after administering the medication for signs of drowsiness, respiratory depression, or excessive sedation.
- Store the medication in a cool, dry place, and ensure it is kept out of reach of children. Avoid using the medication if it is expired or damaged.
Side Effects of Diastat Pediatric
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Unsteady gait
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Respiratory depression (slow or shallow breathing)
- Severe lethargy or sedation
- Allergic reactions, such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing
Risks and Warnings of Diastat Pediatric
Respiratory Depression: Diastat Pediatric can cause breathing difficulties, especially in children with pre-existing respiratory issues or when combined with other CNS depressants. Monitor closely after administration.
Dependence and Withdrawal: While Diastat Pediatric is used for emergencies, prolonged or frequent use can lead to dependence. Use only as directed by a healthcare provider.
Sedation: This medication may cause significant drowsiness or impair coordination. Caregivers should monitor the child for excessive sedation following administration.
Interactions with Diastat Pediatric
Common Drug Interactions
- Opioids and other CNS depressants: Combining Diastat Pediatric with other sedatives, such as opioids or alcohol, can increase the risk of respiratory depression and sedation.
- Antiepileptic drugs: Use caution when combining Diastat Pediatric with other antiepileptic medications, as it may enhance sedative effects.
- Alcohol: Alcohol should be avoided as it can intensify the sedative effects of diazepam.
Alternatives to Diastat Pediatric
- Midazolam (Nayzilam nasal spray): A benzodiazepine administered nasally for emergency seizure treatment.
- Lorazepam (Ativan): Another benzodiazepine used in both injectable and oral forms for seizure emergencies.
- Clonazepam (Klonopin): A benzodiazepine used for longer-term management of seizure disorders and sometimes for emergency seizure treatment.